Rebuilding Front Axles, Spindle Housings, Leaning Arms, and Lean Bars {4313, 5211, 5225} Caterpillar

Motor Grader

All

Introduction

Table 1

Revision	Summary of Changes in SEBF8420
16	Updated part numbers.
15	Added part number 474-6916.
14	Added weld specification.

© 2016 Caterpillar All Rights Reserved. This guideline is for the use of Cat dealers only. Unauthorized use of this document or the proprietary processes therein without permission may be violation of intellectual property law.

Information contained in this document is considered Caterpillar: Confidential Yellow.

This Reuse and Salvage Guideline contains the necessary information to allow a dealer to establish a parts reusability program. Reuse and salvage information enables Caterpillar dealers and customers to benefit from cost reductions. Every effort has been made to provide the most current information that is known to Caterpillar. Continuing improvement and advancement of product design might have caused changes to your product which are not included in this publication. This Reuse and Salvage Guideline must be used with the latest technical information that is available from Caterpillar.

For technical questions when using this document, work with your Dealer Technical Communicator (TC).

To report suspected errors, inaccuracies, or suggestions regarding the document, submit a form for feedback in the Service Information System (SIS Web) interface.

Canceled Part Numbers and Replaced Part Numbers

This document may include canceled part numbers and replaced part numbers. Use NPR on SIS for information about canceled part numbers and replaced part numbers. NPR will provide the current part numbers for replaced parts.

Important Safety Information

Illustration 1	g02139237

Work safely. Most accidents that involve product operation, maintenance, and repair are caused by failure to observe basic safety rules or precautions. An accident can often be avoided by recognizing potentially hazardous situations before an accident occurs. A person must be alert to potential hazards. This person should also have the necessary training, skills, and tools to perform these functions properly. Safety precautions and warnings are provided in this instruction and on the product. If these hazard warnings are not heeded, bodily injury or death could occur to you or to other persons. Caterpillar cannot anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential hazard. Therefore, the warnings in this publication and the warnings that are on the product are not all inclusive. If a tool, a procedure, a work method, or an operating technique that is not recommended by Caterpillar is used, ensure that the procedure is safe for you and for other people to use. Ensure that the product will not be damaged or the product will not be made unsafe by the operation, lubrication, maintenance, or the repair procedures that are used.

Show/hide table

Improper operation, lubrication, maintenance or repair of this product can be dangerous and could result in injury or death. Do not operate or perform any lubrication, maintenance or repair on this product, until you have read and understood the operation, lubrication, maintenance and repair information.

Safety precautions and warnings are provided in this manual and on the product. If these hazard warnings are not heeded, bodily injury or death could occur to you or to other persons.

The hazards are identified by the safety alert symbol which is followed by a signal word such as danger, warning, or caution. The "WARNING" safety alert symbol is shown below.

Illustration 2	g00008666

This safety alert symbol means:

Pay attention!

Become alert!

Your safety is involved.

The message that appears under the safety alert symbol explains the hazard.

Operations that may cause product damage are identified by "NOTICE" labels on the product and in this publication.

Caterpillar cannot anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential hazard. The safety information in this document and the safety information on the machine are not all inclusive. Determine that the tools, procedures, work methods, and operating techniques are safe. Determine that the operation, lubrication, maintenance, and repair procedures will not damage the machine. Also, determine that the operation, lubrication, maintenance, and repair procedures will not make the machine unsafe.

The information, the specifications, and the illustrations that exist in this guideline are based on information which was available at the time of publication. The specifications, torques, pressures, measurements, adjustments, illustrations, and other items can change at any time. These changes can affect the service that is given to the product. Obtain the complete, most current information before you start any job. Caterpillar dealers can supply the most current information.

Summary

This guideline gives the key dimensions for rebuilding front axles and front axle components for all motor graders. Repair is encouraged to reduce replacement cost. Each item should be evaluated to determine the need for repair or replacement.

Note: Illustrations in this guideline may appear different from some of the components. While the illustrations are typical, the dimensions are actual. All the dimensions that are listed are dimensions for manufacturing and assembling a new machine.

Note: Leaning arms are serviced as an assembly.

This guideline contains the latest standards of engineering, which will help minimize owning and operating costs. A part can be expected to reach the next Planned Component Repair (PCR). If a part meets the specifications within this guideline and the part is intended to be used in a similar application, then this part should be deemed reusable. Use this guideline to determine whether a part should be reused. Do not install a part that is not reusable. During reconditioning, correct any condition that might have caused the original failure

Do not operate or perform any lubrication, maintenance, or repair on this product until you have understood the operation, lubrication, maintenance, and repair information. If a part has met the specification in this guideline, the part can be expected to give normal performance until the next overhaul. The conditions apply when the part is used in the same application.

Service Letters and Technical Information Bulletins

Show/hide table

NOTICE
The most recent Service Letters and Technical Information Bulletins that are related to this component shall be reviewed before beginning work. Often Service Letters and Technical Information Bulletins contain upgrades in repair procedures, parts, and safety information that pertain to the parts or components being repaired.

Welder Qualifications

Welders must be qualified for the appropriate type of weld that is being performed. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) or Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). Qualifications should be in accordance with ANSI/AWS D1.1, D14.3, or Caterpillar Manufacturing Practice MC1000-105. Welders must be qualified for the appropriate position of weld that is being performed. Refer to AWS Specifications D1.1 and D14.3 or comparable standards for information that regards qualification requirements. The welders must have used the process at some time within the last 6 months. The welders must complete the process of certification if the welders have not used the welding processes for 6 months. The welding operator must hold a current certification for this process.

References

Table 2

References
Media Number	Title
SEBF8187	Standardized Parts Marking Procedures
SEBF9236	Fundamentals of HVOF Spray for Reconditioning Components
SEBF9238	Fundamentals of Arc Spray for Reconditioning Components
SEBF9240	Fundamentals of Flame Spray for Reconditioning Components

Tooling and Equipment

Show/hide table

NOTICE
Failure to follow the recommended procedure or the specified tooling that is required for the procedure could result in damage to components. To avoid component damage, follow the recommended procedure using the recommended tools.

Table 3 contains the items that are needed to complete the repair procedures in this guideline.

Table 3

Tooling and Equipment
Part Number	Description
1P-3537	Dial Bore Gauge Kit
1U-5519	Disc Pad Holder
1U-5516	Discs (Coarse)
1U-9918	Wire Brush
4C-4200	High Gloss Yellow Paint
4C-4804	Penetrant
4C-4805	Developer
4C-8515	Flapper Wheel (2" x 1" 120 grit)
4C-8521	Wheel Adapter
8S-2257	Eye Loupe
8T-5096	Dial Indicator Kit
8T-7765	Surface Reconditioning Pad
9A-1593	Surface Texture Comparison Gauge
9U-7377	Metal Marking Pen
222-3074	Die Grinder
222-3076	Right Angle Die Grinder
263-7184	Crack Detection Kit
367-9109	Digital Caliper 6 Inch
385-9422	Inside Micrometer Set 2-24 inch
448-3697 or 448-3698	Profilometer Bluetooth Feature
	Profilometer Non-Bluetooth Feature
459-0184	UV Light Kit
473-8688 or 473-8689	Inside Micrometer Set 2-12 inch
	Inside Micrometer Set 50-300 mm
477-3166(1)	Portable Boring Bar (110V)
477-3167(1)	Portable Boring Bar (240V)
477-3189	Bore Welding/Machining System
-	Welding Electrodes/Filler Metals

(1)	Various bar lengths and additional tooling are available through Dealer Service Tools

Cleaning Recommendations

Show/hide table

Personal injury can result when using cleaner solvents. To help prevent personal injury, follow the instructions and warnings on the cleaner solvent container before using.

Show/hide table

Personal injury can result from air pressure. Personal injury can result without following proper procedure. When using pressure air, wear a protective face shield and protective clothing. Maximum air pressure at the nozzle must be less than 205 kPa (30 psi) for cleaning purposes.

Illustration 3	g03721203
Typical burr removal tooling. (A) Right Angle Die Grinder (B) Die Grinder (C) ( D) ( E) Conditioning Discs, Disc Pad Holder, and Threaded Shaft (F) ( G) Flapper Wheels

• Clean all surfaces for inspection before you inspect the part. Make sure that you remove all debris, paint, and oil.

• When you move parts that require cleaning, always use a proper lifting device. This device must protect the part from damage. For the safety of the operator, all lifting devices must be inspected before use.

• During cleaning, do not damage machined surfaces.

• Use pressurized air to dry parts.

• If the tapered bore cannot be inspected immediately after cleaning, put hydraulic oil on all machined surfaces to prevent rust or corrosion. Carefully store the parts in a clean container.

Standardized Parts Marking Procedure

Reference: : Refer to Reuse And Salvage Guideline, SEBF8187, "Standardized Parts Marking Procedures" for additional information regarding marking procedures.

The code is a Cat standard and is used to record the history of a component. The code will identify the number of rebuilds and hours at the time of each rebuild. This information is important for any decision to reuse a component. The information should be considered when deciding whether to reuse a component. The information should be utilized for locating the cause of a failure.

The mark should not be covered by a mating part. Use a Metal Marking Pen to mark the code onto the component.

Show/hide table

NOTICE
Do not use a numbering stamp punches set to mark internal parts. The impact from striking the stamp will cause an abnormal stress riser. The added stress riser may cause the part to fail prematurely.

This code is helpful when the machine is sold into a different territory after the first rebuild. During an overhaul, the previous code of a part should never be removed.

Example 1

Illustration 4	g03649157

Illustration 4 shows code (1-15). The first number (1) indicates that the component had been rebuilt once. The second number (15) indicates that there were 15,000 hours on the component at the time of rebuild.

Example 2

Illustration 5	g03649151

Illustration 5 shows code (1-12) and code (2-10). Code (2-10) represents the information from the second rebuild. The first number (2) indicates that the component had been rebuilt twice. The second number (10) indicates that 10,000 hours accumulated on the component between the first and second rebuild.

Note: To obtain the total number of hours for the component in Illustration 5, add first and second rebuild hours. In this example the component has a total of 22,000 hours.

Inspection

Show/hide table

NOTICE
Precise measurements shall be made when the component and measurement equipment are at 20° C (68° F). Measurements shall be made after both the component and measurement equipment have had sufficient time to soak at 20° C (68° F). This will ensure that both the surface and core of the material is at the same temperature.

A dial bore gauge is the preferred method of measuring bores but if a dial bore gauge is not available, an inside micrometer can be used.

Pin bores must be inspected prior to any weld repair. The inspection of cracks can minimize the chance of a failure after the salvage operation has been completed. Cracking can occur at the thinner sections that surround the pin bores.

If you suspect external cracks, inspect the part with one of the methods described in "Inspection". Remove any irregularities and clean the inspection surfaces. A surface irregularity may hide the indication of an unacceptable defect. If a defect is repairable, use a grinder or a carbon arc torch to prepare the defect for welding. The depth of the cut should be 6.4 mm (0.25 inch) deeper than the original defect. Then, make the repair with weld material.

Bores

A dial bore gauge on a boring bar or inside micrometers are recommended for measuring bores, and perpendicular surfaces to the bores. The vertical and horizontal bores should be in line within 0.13 mm (0.005 inch). However, if the bores are 508 mm (20.0 inch) or more apart, 0.25 mm (0.010 inch) would be acceptable. Approximately 0.76 mm (0.030 inch) to 1.0 mm (0.040 inch) fore and aft is permissible. As this clearance increases to 1.27 mm (0.050 inch) or 1.5 mm (0.060 inch) a repair should be scheduled as soon as possible to prevent damage to component parts. Bores out-of-round should be treated as worn out and should be checked for cracks.

Welding

Preheating

If the surrounding temperature is less than 16°C (60°F), the bores and the adjacent area should be preheated to 95°C (200°F) prior to welding. If the welding process is completed in a reasonable time, no additional preheating should be required. Preheating can ensure a good weld deposit. Preheating can also reduce the chances of the development of cracks.

Welding Electrodes and Parameters

Table 4

Process	Class	ANSI Standard
GMAW	ER70S-6	A5.18
FCAW	E71T-1 H8	A5.20
SMAW	E7018H4R	A5.1

Flux Cored Welding Electrode for the FCAW Process

Use the Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) with E71T-1 H8 (ANSI/A5.20) welding electrode and the manufacturer's shielding gases that are specified (typically 75% argon and 25% carbon dioxide). The H8 implies that the electrode is designed to provide less than 8 ml/100 g of diffusible hydrogen in the weld deposit. The weld that is deposited by the flux cored welding electrode will have the following minimum mechanical properties:

Table 5

Mechanical Properties from Flux Cored Welding Electrode That Is Classified as "ANSI/AWS A5.20 E71T-1 H8"
Tensile Strength	480 MPa (70000 psi)
Yield Strength	400 MPa (58000 psi)
Elongation	22%
Impact Toughness	27 J @ -18 °C (20 ft lb @ -0 °F)

The tables that follow show the recommended parameter ranges for out of position welding in the field for two different flux cored welding electrode diameters.

Table 6

Welding Current for Flux Cored Welding Electrode that Is 1.2 mm (0.045 inch)
Wire Feed Rate	Voltage	Amperage
7620 mm (300 inch) Per Minute to 10,160 mm (400 inch) Per Minute	24 to 28	190 to 240

Table 7

Welding Current for Flux Cored Welding Electrode that Is 1.4 mm (0.052 inch)
Wire Feed Rate	Voltage	Amperage
5080 mm (200 inch) Per Minute to 6350 mm (250 inch) Per Minute	23 to 27	180 to 220

Note: The settings listed above are recommendations-based on experience from welding in the horizontal, vertical-up, and overhead positions. Slight changes in the voltage and amperage may be necessary due to welding position and various formulations by different electrode manufacturers. The use of higher parameters than specified for welding in the flat position is acceptable.

Use a polarity setting of DC reverse polarity. Remove the slag after each welding pass. The fast freezing characteristics of flux cored welding electrode increases the possibility of evolving gas that is trapped in the weld. Control the size of the weld to reduce the possibility of evolving gas that is trapped in the weld. The maximum size weld per pass should be equivalent to that of a 8.0 mm (.32 inch) fillet weld.

Low Hydrogen Electrodes for the SMAW Process

As an alternative process or when wind conditions are a factor, use SMAW and low hydrogen electrodes that meet the following requirements.

Table 8

Mechanical Properties of Welds from Low Hydrogen Electrodes That Are Classified as "ANSI/AWS A5.1 E7018H4R"
Tensile Strength	480 MPa (70000 psi)
Yield Strength	400 MPa (58000 psi)
Elongation	22%
Impact Toughness	27 J @ -29 °C (20 ft lb @ -20 °F)

Low hydrogen electrodes must be stored in an electrode oven at 120 °C (250 °F) when not in use. If low hydrogen electrodes get damp, scrap the low hydrogen electrodes or recondition the low hydrogen electrodes to the manufacturer's specifications.

The table that follows shows the settings for the welding current based on electrode diameter.

Table 9

Welding Current for Low Hydrogen Electrodes
Diameter	Amperage Rating
3.2 mm (1/8 inch)	105-155
4.0 mm (5/32 inch)	130-200
4.8 mm (3/16 inch)	200-275

Use a polarity setting of DC reverse polarity. Remove the slag after each pass of the welding electrode. The width of the weld should not exceed two times the electrode diameter.

General Welding Tips

1. Make sure that all pin bores are free from all oil, grease, paint, and other contaminants.

2. Preheat the bores to 95° C (200° F). Preheating will help to eliminate potential hydrogen gas. Preheating can also reduce weld stress.

3. Follow the recommendations for the use of the welder.

4. Allow the welds to cool slowly following build-up of the bores.

5. When you are using a semi-automatic process, outline the area for repair. This can be done by making weld (A) and weld (B). Refer to the Illustration 6. Make a series of transverse welds (C) to complete the buildup.

Illustration 6	g03652465
Pattern for welding

Note: If additional weld deposits are required, repeat the welding procedures for the appropriate processes.

Build-up Methods

Illustration 7	g03818292
Bore welded with portable bore welding machine method

The preferred method to build up bores is to use a portable bore welding machine which rotates around the bore axis. This method also produces a quality weld with minimal defects and a build-up that is easier to machine. Refer to Illustration 7.

Illustration 8	g03818312
Manual weld build-up method

Illustration 9	g03818334

If a portable weld boring machine cannot be obtained the bores can be welded manually by hand using the following technique.

1. Deposit several weld passes around the circumference of the bore in the direction of the axis (E).

2. Deposit weld passes at the edge of the bore (F) to ensure both the bore inside diameter and face cleanup during machining.

Equipment for Bore Build-up and Machining

Illustration 10	g03840108
Portable equipment (A) Portable boring bar kit (B) Portable bore welding/machinng kit

Refer to the Major Equipment Tooling section of the Dealer Service Tools Catalog for applicable tooling. Table 10 lists some of the related tooling for bore build-up and machining.

Table 10

Related Tooling for Bore Build-up and Machining
Part Number	Description
477-3189	Bore Welding/Machining System
477-3166 (1)	Portable Boring Bar (110V)
477-3167 (1)	Portable Boring Bar (240V)

(1)	Various bar lengths and additional tooling are available through Dealer Service Tools

Machining

Elongated Bores

Metal-to-metal contact of the pin to any mating component can result in material deformation. Deformed material may contain cracks. If the area is free from cracks, remove the deformation. Pre-machining results in a concentric bore with a stable base material for welding buildup.

Front Axle Assembly

Refer to the proper table and illustration for the part number of the front axle assembly.

Illustration 11	g03652368
2G-8719, 8W-6463, 2G-8601, 8W-6471, 2G-8451, 8W-6477, 8W-6482 - Front Axle Assemblies Refer to Table 11 for specifications.

Table 11

Front Axle Assemblies for Illustration 11
Part Number	2G-8719	8W-6463	2G-8601, 8W-6471	8W-6477	2G-8451, 8W-6482
A	51.60 ± 0.3 mm (2.031 ± 0.01 inch)	64.30 ± 0.3 mm (2.531 ± 0.01 inch)	64.30 ± 0.3 mm (2.531 ± 0.01 inch)	70.60 ± 0.3 mm (2.780 ± 0.01 inch)	75.40 ± 0.3 mm (2.969 ± 0.01 inch)
B	6.90 ± 0.3 mm (0.272 ± 0.01 inch)	9.30 ± 0.3 mm (0.366 ± 0.01 inch)	15.10 ± 0.3 mm (0.594 ± 0.01 inch)	18.30 ± 0.3 mm (0.720 ± 0.01 inch)	31.50 ± 0.3 mm (1.240 ± 0.01 inch)
C	479.60 ± 1.0 mm (18.882 ± 0.04 inch)	479.60 ± 1.0 mm (18.882 ± 0.04 inch)	505.10 ± 1.0 mm (19.886 ± 0.04 inch)	523.80 ± 1.0 mm (20.622 ± 0.04 inch)	574.60 ± 1.0 mm (22.622 ± 0.04 inch)
D	412.80 ± 1.0 mm (16.252 ± 0.04 inch)	412.80 ± 1.0 mm (16.252 ± 0.04 inch)	425.50 ± 1.0 mm (16.752 ± 0.04 inch)	435.70 ± 1.0 mm (17.154 ± 0.04 inch)	460.30 ± 1.0 mm (18.122 ± 0.04 inch)
E(1)	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 31.80 ± 0.03 mm (1.252 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 38.15 ± 0.03 mm (1.502 ± 0.001 inch)
F	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.500 ± 0.02 inch)	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.500 ± 0.02 inch)	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.500 ± 0.02 inch)	948.50 ± 0.5 mm (37.342 ± 0.02 inch)	984.30 ± 0.5 mm (38.752 ± 0.02 inch)
G	668.50 ± 2.5 mm (26.319 ± 0.10 inch)	670.00 ± 2.5 mm (26.378 ± 0.10 inch)	668.50 ± 2.5 mm (26.319 ± 0.10 inch)	731.00 ± 2.5 mm (28.780 ± 0.10 inch)	798.00 ± 2.5 mm (31.417 ± 0.10 inch)
H	33.30 ± 2.5 mm (1.311 ± 0.10 inch)	26.30 ± 2.5 mm (1.035 ± 0.10 inch)	53.70 ± 2.5 mm (2.114 ± 0.10 inch)	117.00 ± 2.5 mm (4.606 ± 0.10 inch)	103.00 ± 2.5 mm (4.055 ± 0.10 inch)
J (1)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.2495 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.2495 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.5005 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 76.213 ± 0.038 mm (3.0005 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 82.575 ± 0.038 mm (3.2510 ± 0.0015 inch)
K	0° ± 0.5°	1.0° ± 0.5°	1.0° ± 0.5°	3.5° ± 0.5°	2.5° ± 0.5°
M	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)	1897.00 ± 0.5 mm (74.685 ± 0.02 inch)	1968.60 ± 0.5 mm (77.504 ± 0.02 inch)
N (1)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.05 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.05 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.05 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.05 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 50.85 ± 0.04 mm (2.002 ± 0.002 inch)
P	33.30 ± 2.5 mm (1.311 ± 0.10 inch)	28.00 ± 2.5 mm (1.102 ± 0.10 inch)	66.55 ± 0.50 mm (2.620 ± 0.02 inch)	111.00 ± 0.5 mm (4.370 ± 0.02 inch)	82.55 ± 0.50 mm (3.250 ± 0.02 inch)
R	555.80 ± 2.5 mm (21.882 ± 0.1 inch)	552.60 ± 2.5 mm (21.756 ± 0.10 inch)	556.50 ± 2.5 mm (21.909 ± 0.10 inch)	622.50 ± 2.5 mm (24.508 ± 0.10 inch)	676.40 ± 2.5 mm (26.630 ± 0.10 inch)
S	195.10 ± 1.0 mm (7.681 ± 0.04 inch)	170.30 ± 1.0 mm (6.705 ± 0.04 inch)	195.30 ± 1.0 mm (7.689 ± 0.04 inch)	227.10 ± 1.0 mm (8.941 ± 0.04 inch)	227.10 ± 1.0 mm (8.941 ± 0.04 inch)
T (1)	Ø 57.14 ± 0.038 mm (2.250 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.14 ± 0.038 mm (2.250 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.14 ± 0.038 mm (2.250 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.51 ± 0.038 mm (2.500 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 76.18 ± 0.038 mm (2.999 ± 0.0015 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Illustration 12	g03652378
256-3904, 260-7455, 381-4306 - Front Axle Assemblies Refer to Table 12 for specifications.

Table 12

Front Axle Assemblies for Illustration 12
Parts Number	256-3904	260-7455, 381-4306
A	70.60 ± 0.3 mm (2.780 ± 0.01 inch)	64.30 ± 0.3 mm (2.531 ± 0.01 inch)
B	16.40 ± 0.3 mm (0.646 ± 0.01 inch)	16.60 ± 0.3 mm (0.654 ± 0.01 inch)
C	545.4 ± 1.0 mm (21.472 ± 0.04 inch)	433.80 ± 1.0 mm (17.079 ± 0.04 inch)
E	Ø 50.70 ± 0.025 mm (1.996 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 50.70 ± 0.025 mm (1.996 ± 0.001 inch)
F	952.70 ± 0.5 mm (37.508 ± 0.02 inch)	832.10 ± 0.5 mm (32.760 ± 0.02 inch)
H	86.50 ± 0.5 mm (3.406 ± 0.02 inch)	11.50 ± 1.0 mm (0.453 ± 0.04 inch)
J	Ø 82.58 ± 0.038 mm (3.251 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.51 ± 0.038 mm (2.500 ± 0.0015 inch)
M	1905.40 ± 0.5 mm (75.016 ± 0.02 inch)	1664.20 ± 0.5 mm (65.520 ± 0.02 inch)
N (1)	44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)
P	111.00 ± 0.50 mm (4.370 ± 0.02 inch)	72.03 ± 0.50 mm (2.836 ± 0.02 inch)
R	598.00 ± 2.5 mm (23.543 ± 0.10 inch)	565.20 ± 2.5 mm (22.252 ± 0.10 inch)
S	240.00 ± 1.0 mm (9.449 ± 0.04 inch)	194.63 ± 1.0 mm (7.663 ± 0.04 inch)
T (1)	Ø 63.51 ± 0.038 mm (2.500 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.14 ± 0.038 mm (2.250 ± 0.0015 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Illustration 13	g03652387
117-2150, 264-1144, 464-1565, 266-9704, 474-6916 - Front Axle Assemblies Refer to Table 13 for specifications.

Table 13

Front Axle Assemblies for Illustration 13
Part Number	117-2150	264-1144, 464-1565	266-9704	474-6916
A	134.00 ± 0.3 mm (5.276 ± 0.01 inch)	75.40 ± 0.3 mm (2.969 ± 0.01 inch)	134.00 ± 0.3 mm (5.276 ± 0.01 inch)	75.40 ± 0.3 mm (2.969 ± 0.01 inch)
B	54.00 ± 0.3 mm (2.126 ± 0.01 inch)	31.50 ± 0.3 mm (1.240 ± 0.01 inch)	54.00 ± 0.3 mm (2.126 ± 0.01 inch)	31.50 ± 0.3 mm (1.240 ± 0.01 inch)
C	841.00 ± 3.0 mm (33.110 ± 0.12 inch)	574.60 ± 1.0 mm (22.622 ± 0.04 inch)	841.00 ± 3.0 mm (33.110 ± 0.12 inch)	574.60 ± 1.0 mm (22.622 ± 0.04 inch)
D	683.00 ± 3.0 mm (26.890 ± 0.12 inch)	460.30 ± 1.0 mm (18.122 ± 0.04 inch)	683.00 ± 3.0 mm (26.890 ± 0.12 inch)	460.30 ± 1.0 mm (18.122 ± 0.04 inch)
E (1)	Ø 44.50 ± 0.10 mm (1.752 ± 0.004 inch)	Ø 50.70 ± 0.025 mm (1.996 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 54.50 ± 0.025 mm (2.146 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 38.15 ± 0.03 mm (1.502 ± 0.001 inch)
F	1125.00 ± 0.5 mm (44.291 ± 0.02 inch)	986.08 ± 0.50 mm (38.822 ± 0.02 inch)	1125.00 ± 0.5 mm (44.291 ± 0.02 inch)	986.08 ± 0.50 mm (38.822 ± 0.02 inch)
J (1)	Ø 130.00 ± 0.038 mm (5.118 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 82.575 ± 0.038 mm (3.251 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 130.00 ± 0.038 mm (5.118 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 82.575 ± 0.038 mm (3.251 ± 0.0015 inch)
M	2250.00 ± 0.5 mm (88.583 ± 0.02 inch)	1972.20 ± 0.5 mm (77.646 ± 0.02 inch)	2250.00 ± 0.5 mm (88.583 ± 0.02 inch)	1972.20 ± 0.5 mm (77.646 ± 0.02 inch)
N (1)	Ø 57.20 ± 0.04 mm (2.252 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 50.85 ± 0.04 mm (2.002 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 57.20 ± 0.04 mm (2.252 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 50.85 ± 0.04 mm (2.002 ± 0.002 inch)
P	155.00 ± 0.5 mm (6.102 ± 0.02 inch)	92.66 ± 0.5 mm (3.648 ± 0.02 inch)	155.00 ± 0.5 mm (6.102 ± 0.02 inch)	92.66 ± 0.5 mm (3.648 ± 0.02 inch)
R	791.80 ± 2.5 mm (31.173 ± 0.10 inch)	687.70 ± 2.5 mm (27.075 ± 0.10 inch)	791.80 ± 2.5 mm (31.173 ± 0.10 inch)	687.70 ± 2.5 mm (27.075 ± 0.10 inch)
S	354.90 ± 1.0 mm (13.972 ± 0.04 inch)	237.90 ± 1.0 mm (9.366 ± 0.04 inch)	354.90 ± 1.0 mm (13.972 ± 0.04 inch)	237.90 ± 1.0 mm (9.366 ± 0.04 inch)
T (1)	Ø 140.00 ± 0.038 mm (5.512 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 76.175 ± 0.038 mm (2.999 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 140.00 ± 0.038 mm (5.512 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 76.175 ± 0.038 mm (2.999 ± 0.0015 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Illustration 14	g03652390
134-1081, 142-1829 - Front Axle Assemblies Refer to Table 14 for specifications.

Table 14

Front Axle Assemblies for Illustration 14
Part Number	134-1081	142-1829
A	64.30 ± 0.3 mm (2.531 ± 0.01 inch)	64.30 ± 0.3 mm (2.531 ± 0.01 inch)
B	55.50 ± 1.0 mm (2.185 ± 0.04 inch)	55.50 ± 1.0 mm (2.185 ± 0.04 inch)
C	440.00 ± 1.0 mm (17.323 ± 0.04 inch)	440.00 ± 1.0 mm (17.323 ± 0.04 inch)
E (1)	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)
F	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.496 ± 0.02 inch)	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.496 ± 0.02 inch)
G	668.50 ± 2.5 mm (26.319 ± 0.10 inch)	668.50 ± 2.5 mm (26.319 ± 0.10 inch)
H	17.50 ± 2.5 mm (0.689 ± 0.10 inch)	17.50 ± 2.5 mm (0.689 ± 0.10 inch)
J	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)
K	0° ± 0.5°	0° ± 0.5°
M	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)
N (1)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)
P	70.00 ± 0.5 mm (2.756 ± 0.02 inch)	70.00 ± 0.5 mm (2.756 ± 0.02 inch)
R	555.70 ± 2.5 mm (21.878 ± 0.10 inch)	555.70 ± 2.5 mm (21.878 ± 0.10 inch)
S	198.50 ± 1.0 mm (7.815 ± 0.04 inch)	198.50 ± 1.0 mm (7.815 ± 0.04 inch)
T (1)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.250 ± 0.00150 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.250 ± 0.00150 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Illustration 15	g03652396
260-8699 -Front Axle Assembly Refer to Table 15 for specifications.

Table 15

Front Axle Assemblies for Illustration 15
Part Number	260-8699
C	433.80 ± 1.0 mm (17.078 ± 0.04 inch)
E	Ø 50.70 ± 0.025 mm (1.996 ± 0.001 inch)
F	661.00 ± 0.5 mm (26.024 ± 0.02 inch)
H	37.00 ± 0.5 mm (1.45669 ± 0.02 inch)
J	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)
M	1322.00 ± 0.5 mm (52.047 ± 0.02 inch)
N (1)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)
P	70.00 ± 0.5 mm (2.756 ± 0.02 inch)
R	437.00 ± 2.5 mm (17.205 ± 0.10 inch)
S	202.00 ± 1.0 mm (7.953 ± 0.04 inch)
T	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Illustration 16	g03652400
101-8077, 101-8078 - Front Axle Assemblies Refer to Table 16 for specifications.

Table 16

Front Axle Assemblies for Illustration 16
Part Number	101-8077	101-8078
A	64.30 ± 0.8 mm (2.531 ± 0.03 inch)	64.30 ± 0.8 mm (2.531 ± 0.03 inch)
B	55.55 ± 1.0 mm (2.187 ± 0.04 inch)	55.55 ± 1.0 mm (2.187 ± 0.04 inch)
C	435.00 ± 1.0 mm (17.126 ± 0.04 inch)	435.00 ± 1.0 mm (17.126 ± 0.04 inch)
E	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)	Ø 25.45 ± 0.03 mm (1.002 ± 0.001 inch)
F	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.496 ± 0.02 inch)	800.00 ± 0.5 mm (31.496 ± 0.02 inch)
G	673.20 ± 2.5 mm (26.504 ± 0.10 inch)	673.20 ± 2.5 mm (26.504 ± 0.10 inch)
H	23.80 ± 1.5 mm (0.937 ± 0.06 inch)	23.80 ± 1.5 mm (0.937 ± 0.06 inch)
J	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)
K	1.0° ± 0.5°	1.0° ± 0.5°
M	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)	1600.00 ± 0.5 mm (62.992 ± 0.02 inch)
N	Ø 44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.45 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)
P	70.00 ± 0.5 mm (2.756 ± 0.02 inch)	70.00 ± 0.5 mm (2.756 ± 0.02 inch)
R	555.60 ± 2.5 mm (21.874 ± 0.10 inch)	555.60 ± 2.5 mm (21.874 ± 0.10 inch)
S	210.50 ± 1.0 mm (8.287 ± 0.04 inch)	210.50 ± 1.0 mm (8.287 ± 0.04 inch)
T	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.249 ± 0.00150 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.249 ± 0.00150 inch)

Spindle Housing

Illustration 17	g03652401
Spindle Housing

Refer to Table 17 for the specifications for the G Series. Refer to Table 18 for the specifications for the H Series and the K Series. Refer to Table 19 for the specifications for the M Series.

Table 17

Spindle Housings for the G Series
Part Number "RH"	8D-6252, 2G-8596, 8W-4653	9D-0040, 2G-8681	8W-4655, 266-9716	2G-8673, 8W-4657, 311-1933
Part Number "LH"	8D-6253, 2G-8597, 8W-4652	9D-0041, 2G-8682	8W-4654, 266-9715	2G-8674, 8W-4656, 311-1932
A	307.94 ± 0.13 mm (12.124 ± 0.005 inch)	277.42 ± 0.13 mm (10.922 ± 0.005 inch)	368.26 ± 0.13 mm (14.498 ± 0.005 inch)	357.13 ± 0.13 mm (14.060 ± 0.005 inch)
B	300.42 ± 0.13 mm (11.828 ± 0.005 inch)	269.88 ± 0.13 mm (10.625 ± 0.005 inch)	360.74 ± 0.13 mm (14.202 ± 0.005 inch)	349.61 ± 0.13 mm (13.764 ± 0.005 inch)
C (1)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.9960 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 37.998 ± 0.020 mm (1.4960 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.9960 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.685 ± 0.020 mm (1.9955 ± 0.0008 inch) 50.647 ± 0.02 mm (1.9940 ± 0.0008 inch) (2)
D	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)
E	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)
F	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.02 ± 0.015 mm (0.355 ± 0.0006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)
G	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	N/A	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)
H	Ø 102.43 mm (4.033 inch)	Ø 95.78 ± 0.20 mm (3.771 ± 0.008 inch)	Ø 102.43 mm (4.033 inch)	Ø 102.43 mm (4.033 inch)
J	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.02 ± 0.015 mm (0.355 ± 0.0006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)
K	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	N/A	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)
M	Ø 102.43 mm (4.033 inch)	Ø 95.78 ± 0.20 mm (3.771 ± 0.008 inch)	Ø 102.43 mm (4.033 inch)	Ø 102.43 mm (4.033 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line
(2)	Part number 311–1932 & 311–1933

Table 18

Spindle Housings for the H Series and K Series
Part Number "RH"	8W-4653	8W-4655, 266-9716	147-7821	2G-8673, 8W-4657, 311-1933	117-2178
Part Number "LH"	8W-4652	8W-4654, 266-9715	147-7820	2G-8674, 8W-4656, 311-1932	117-2177
A	307.94 ± 0.13 mm (12.124 ± 0.005 inch)	368.26 ± 0.13 mm (14.498 ± 0.005 inch)	307.94 ± 0.13 mm (12.124 ± 0.005 inch)	357.13 ± 0.13 mm (14.060 ± 0.005 inch)	557.50 ± 0.13 mm (21.949 ± 0.005 inch)
B	300.42 ± 0.13 mm (11.828 ± 0.005 inch)	360.74 ± 0.13 mm (14.202 ± 0.005 inch)	300.42 ± 0.13 mm (11.828 ± 0.005 inch)	349.61 ± 0.13 mm (13.764 ± 0.005 inch)	550.50 ± 0.15 mm (21.673 ± 0.006 inch)
C (1)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.996 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.996 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.996 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.685 ± 0.020 mm (1.995 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 114.198 ± 0.025 mm (4.496 ± 0.001 inch)
D	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	1.5 ± 0.5 mm (0.06 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	4.00 ± 0.25 mm (0.157 ± 0.01 inch)
E	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	9.00 ± 0.15 mm (0.354 ± 0.006 inch)
F	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	12.75 ± 0.15 mm (0.502 ± 0.006 inch)
G	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 164.00 ± 0.2 mm (6.457 ± 0.008 inch)
H	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
J	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	12.75 ± 0.15 mm (0.502 ± 0.006 inch)
K	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 164.00 ± 0.2 mm (6.457 ± 0.008 inch)
M	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

(1)	Two holes in line

Table 19

Spindle Housings for the M Series
Part Number "RH"	266-9732, 365-7665, 365-9253	295-2571	2G-8784, 8W-4655, 266-9716	311-1933	117-2178
Part Number "LH"	266-9731, 365-7664, 365-9252	295-2570	2G-8783, 8W-4654, 266-9715	311-1932	117-2177
A	307.94 ± 0.13 mm (12.124 ± 0.005 inch)	437.50 ± 0.13 mm (17.224 ± 0.005 inch)	368.26 ± 0.13 mm (14.498 ± 0.005 inch)	357.13 ± 0.13 mm (14.060 ± 0.005 inch)	557.50 ± 0.13 mm (21.949 ± 0.005 inch)
B	300.42 ± 0.13 mm (11.828 ± 0.005 inch)	429.48 ± 0.12 mm (16.909 ± 0.005 inch)	360.74 ± 0.12 mm (14.202 ± 0.005 inch)	349.61 ± 0.12 mm (13.764 ± 0.005 inch)	550.50 ± 0.15 mm (21.673 ± 0.006 inch)
C (1)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.996 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.996 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.020 mm (1.996 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 50.647 ± 0.020 mm (1.9940 ± 0.0008 inch)	Ø 114.198 ± 0.025 mm (4.496 ± 0.001 inch)
D	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	3.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.12 ± 0.02 inch)	4.00 ± 0.25 mm (0.157 ± 0.01 inch)
E	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	7.56 ± 0.12 mm (0.298 ± 0.005 inch)	9.00 ± 0.15 mm (0.354 ± 0.006 inch)
F	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	12.75 ± 0.15 mm (0.502 ± 0.006 inch)
G	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 164.00 ± 0.2 mm (6.457 ± 0.008 inch)
H	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
J	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	9.12 ± 0.15 mm (0.359 ± 0.006 inch)	12.75 ± 0.15 mm (0.502 ± 0.006 inch)
K	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 93.31 + 0.10 - 0.20 mm (3.674 + 0.004 - 0.008 inch)	Ø 164.00 ± 0.2 mm (6.457 ± 0.008 inch)
M	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

(1)	Two holes in line

Leaning Arms

Illustration 18	g03652407
Front Axle Leaning Arm

Illustration 19	g03652416
Section A-A and Section B-B of Front Axle Leaning Arm

Illustration 20	g03652425
260-4710, 337-9543 - Front Axle Leaning Arm (LH)

Refer to Table 20 for the specifications for the G Series. Refer to Table 21 for the specifications for the H Series and the K Series. Refer to Table 22 for the specifications for the M Series.

Table 20

Leaning Arms for the G Series
Part Number "RH"	2G-8722, 8D-2605, 9D-9801, 9D-9592, 8W-5517, 8X-3435	9D-0045, 2G-8687	8W-5519, 258-8719	2G-8712, 8W-5521, 264-1153
Part Number "LH"	2G-8728, 8D-2606, 9D-9802, 9D-9591, 8W-5516, 8X-3434	9D-0048, 2G-8688	8W-5518, 258-8716	2G-8680, 8W-5520, 264-1150
A "RH"	Ø 44.831 ± 0.025 mm (1.7650 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.45 + 0.03 - 0.05 mm (1.750 + 0.001 - 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.831 ± 0.025 mm (1.7650 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 51.181 ± 0.025 mm (2.015 ± 0.0010 inch)
A "LH"	Ø 44.348 ± 0.025 mm (1.746 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.45 + 0.03 - 0.05 mm (1.750 + 0.001 - 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.348 ± 0.025 mm (1.746 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.025 mm (2.000 ± 0.0010 inch)
B	Ø 44.44 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 44.45 + 0.03 - 0.05 mm (1.750 + 0.001 - 0.002 inch)	Ø 50.79 ± 0.04 mm (2.000 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 63.48 ± 0.04 mm (2.500 ± 0.002 inch)
C	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)
D	317.98 ± 0.23 mm (12.519 ± 0.009 inch)	287.30 ± 0.23 mm (11.311 ± 0.009 inch)	378.31 ± 0.23 mm (14.894 ± 0.009 inch)	367.18 ± 0.23 mm (14.456 ± 0.009 inch)
E	69.80 ± 0.8 mm (2.748 ± 0.03 inch)	70.60 ± 0.8 mm (2.780 ± 0.03 inch)	69.80 ± 0.8 mm (2.748 ± 0.03 inch)	75.40 ± 0.8 mm (2.969 ± 0.03 inch)
F	53.98 ± 0.25 mm (2.125 ± 0.010 inch)	50.80 ± 0.25 mm (2.000 ± 0.010 inch)	63.50 ± 0.25 mm (2.500 ± 0.010 inch)	71.42 ± 0.25 mm (2.812 ± 0.010 inch)
G	34.13 ± 0.25 mm (1.344 ± 0.01 inch)	44.45 ± 0.25 mm (1.750 ± 0.010 inch)	44.45 ± 0.25 mm (1.750 ± 0.010 inch)	19.83 ± 0.25 mm (0.781 ± 0.010 inch)
H	63.50 ± 0.25 mm (2.500 ± 0.010 inch)	50.80 ± 0.25 mm (2.000 ± 0.010 inch)	69.85 ± 0.25 mm (2.750 ± 0.010 inch)	74.63 ± 0.25 mm (2.938 ± 0.010 inch)
J (1) K (1)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 47.612 ± 0.025 mm (1.8745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)
M	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 79.68 ± 0.13 mm (3.137 ± 0.005 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Table 21

Leaning Arms for the H Series and K Series
Part Number "RH"	8X-3435	8W-5519, 258-8719	2G-8712, 8W-5521, 264-1153	144-9799
Part Number "LH"	8X-3434	8W-5518, 258-8716	2G-8680, 8W-5520, 264-1150	144-9800
A "RH"	Ø 44.831 ± 0.025 mm (1.7650 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.831 ± 0.025 mm (1.7650 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 51.181 ± 0.025 mm (2.015 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 100.276 ± 0.025 mm (3.948 ± 0.0010 inch)
A "LH"	Ø 44.348 ± 0.025 mm (1.746 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.348 ± 0.025 mm (1.746 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.025 mm (2.000 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 100.276 ± 0.025 mm (3.948 ± 0.0010 inch)
B	Ø 44.44 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 50.79 ± 0.04 mm (2.000 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 63.48 ± 0.04 mm (2.500 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 140.00 ± 0.038 mm (5.512 ± 0.0015 inch)
C	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	18.00 ± 0.10 mm (0.710 ± 0.004 inch)
D	317.98 ± 0.23 mm (12.519 ± 0.009 inch)	378.31 ± 0.23 mm (14.894 ± 0.009 inch)	367.18 ± 0.23 mm (14.456 ± 0.009 inch)	576.50 ± 0.10 mm (22.697 ± 0.004 inch)
E	69.80 ± 0.8 mm (2.748 ± 0.03 inch)	69.80 ± 0.8 mm (2.748 ± 0.03 inch)	75.40 ± 0.8 mm (2.969 ± 0.03 inch)	125.00 ± 1.0 mm (4.921 ± 0.04 inch)
F	53.98 ± 0.25 mm (2.125 ± 0.010 inch)	63.50 ± 0.25 mm (2.500 ± 0.010 inch)	71.42 ± 0.25 mm (2.812 ± 0.010 inch)	131.00 ± 0.25 mm (5.157 ± 0.010 inch)
G	34.13 ± 0.25 mm (1.344 ± 0.01 inch)	44.45 ± 0.25 mm (1.750 ± 0.010 inch)	19.83 ± 0.25 mm (0.781 ± 0.010 inch)	30.00 ± 0.25 mm (1.181 ± 0.010 inch)
H	63.50 ± 0.25 mm (2.500 ± 0.010 inch)	69.85 ± 0.25 mm (2.750 ± 0.010 inch)	74.63 ± 0.25 mm (2.938 ± 0.010 inch)	131.00 ± 0.25 mm (5.157 ± 0.010 inch)
J (1) K (1)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 133.195 ± 0.025 mm (5.2439 ± 0.0010 inch)
M	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 166.00 ± 0.25 mm (6.535 ± 0.010 inch)

(1)	Two holes in line

Table 22

Leaning Arms for the M Series
Part Number "RH"	279-4354, 381-4309	260-4710,(1) 337-9542(1)	2G-8813, 8W-5519, 258-8719	264-1153	144-9799
Part Number "LH"	279-4353, 381-4308	260-4710,(1) 337-9543(1)	2G-8814, 8W-5518, 258-8716	264-1150	144-9800
A "RH"	Ø 44.831 ± 0.025 mm (1.7650 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.50 ± 0.025 mm (1.752 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.831 ± 0.025 mm (1.7650 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 51.181 ± 0.025 mm (2.015 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 100.276 ± 0.025 mm (3.948 ± 0.0010 inch)
A "LH"	Ø 44.348 ± 0.025 mm (1.746 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.50 ± 0.025 mm (1.752 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 44.348 ± 0.025 mm (1.746 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 50.698 ± 0.025 mm (2.000 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 100.276 ± 0.025 mm (3.948 ± 0.0010 inch)
B	Ø 44.44 ± 0.04 mm (1.750 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 50.860 ± 0.025 mm (2.0024 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 50.79 ± 0.04 mm (2.000 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 63.48 ± 0.04 mm (2.500 ± 0.002 inch)	Ø 140.00 ± 0.038 mm (5.512 ± 0.0015 inch)
C	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	9.09 ± 0.23 mm (0.358 ± 0.009 inch)	18.00 ± 0.10 mm (0.710 ± 0.004 inch)
D	317.98 ± 0.23 mm (12.519 ± 0.009 inch)	447.54 ± 0.23 mm (17.620 ± 0.009 inch)	378.31 ± 0.23 mm (14.894 ± 0.009 inch)	367.18 ± 0.23 mm (14.456 ± 0.009 inch)	576.50 ± 0.10 mm (22.697 ± 0.004 inch)
E	69.80 ± 0.8 mm (2.748 ± 0.03 inch)	69.00 ± 0.8 mm (2.717 ± 0.03 inch)	69.80 ± 0.8 mm (2.748 ± 0.03 inch)	75.40 ± 0.8 mm (2.969 ± 0.03 inch)	125.00 ± 1.0 mm (4.921 ± 0.04 inch)
F	53.98 ± 0.25 mm (2.125 ± 0.010 inch)	63.75 ± 0.50 mm (2.510 ± 0.020 inch)	63.50 ± 0.25 mm (2.500 ± 0.010 inch)	71.42 ± 0.25 mm (2.812 ± 0.010 inch)	131.00 ± 0.25 mm (5.157 ± 0.010 inch)
G	34.13 ± 0.25 mm (1.344 ± 0.01 inch)	N/A	44.45 ± 0.25 mm (1.750 ± 0.010 inch)	19.83 ± 0.25 mm (0.781 ± 0.010 inch)	30.00 ± 0.25 mm (1.181 ± 0.010 inch)
H	63.50 ± 0.25 mm (2.500 ± 0.010 inch)	180.00 ± 1.0 mm (7.087 ± 0.04 inch)	69.85 ± 0.25 mm (2.750 ± 0.010 inch)	74.63 ± 0.25 mm (2.938 ± 0.010 inch)	131.00 ± 0.25 mm (5.157 ± 0.010 inch)
J (2) K (2)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 60.312 ± 0.025 mm (2.3745 ± 0.0010 inch)	Ø 133.195 ± 0.025 mm (5.2439 ± 0.0010 inch)
M	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 94.77 ± 0.25 mm (3.731 ± 0.010 inch)	Ø 166.00 ± 0.25 mm (6.535 ± 0.010 inch)

(1)	The part is used as the left leaning arm and the right leaning arm. Use Illustration 20.
(2)	Two holes in line

Lean Bar Assembly

Illustration 21	g03652463
A typical lean bar assembly.

Refer to Table 23 for the specifications for G Series. Refer to Table 24 for the specifications for H Series and K Series. Refer to Table 2 for the specifications for M Series.

Table 23

Lean Bar Assemblies for the G Series
Part Number	2G-8686, 101-9375, 2G-8602	2G-8672	2G-8679	8W-7285
A	35.71 ± 0.38 mm (1.406 ± 0.015 inch)	50.80 ± 0.38 mm (2.000 ± 0.015 inch)	47.63 ± 0.38 mm (1.875 ± 0.015 inch)	47.63 ± 0.38 mm (1.875 ± 0.015 inch)
B	1562.10 ± 0.30 mm (61.500 ± 0.012 inch)	1795.48 ± 0.30 mm (70.688 ± 0.012 inch)	1873.25 ± 0.30 mm (73.750 ± 0.012 inch)	1873.20 ± 0.30 mm (73.748 ± 0.012 inch)
C	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.2495 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.2495 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.5005 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.5005 ± 0.0015 inch)

Table 24

Lean Bar Assemblies for the H Series and K Series
Part Number	103-9125	2G-8672	8W-7285	117-2152
A	35.70 ± 1.5 mm (1.406 ± 0.06 inch)	50.80 ± 0.38 mm (2.000 ± 0.015 inch)	47.63 ± 0.38 mm (1.875 ± 0.015 inch)	76.20 ± 0.15 mm (3.000 ± 0.006 inch)
B	1561.90 ± 0.30 mm (61.492 ± 0.012 inch)	1795.48 ± 0.30 mm (70.688 ± 0.012 inch)	1873.25 ± 0.30 mm (73.750 ± 0.012 inch)	2100.00 ± 0.30 mm (82.677 ± 0.012 inch)
C	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.2495 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.2495 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.5005 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 116.00 ± 0.038 mm (4.567 ± 0.0015 inch)

Table 25

Lean Bar Assemblies for the M Series
Part Number	279-4357	260-8704	259-1843	264-1158	266-9707
A	34.00 ± 0.5 mm (1.339 ± 0.02 inch)	50.00 ± 0.15 mm (1.969 ± 0.006 inch)	50.00 ± 0.15 mm (1.969 ± 0.006 inch)	47.63 ± 0.38 mm (1.875 ± 0.02 inch)	76.20 ± 0.15 mm (3.000 ± 0.006 inch)
B	1609.17 ± 0.30 mm (63.353 ± 0.012 inch)	1518.00 ± 0.30 mm (59.764 ± 0.012 inch)	1786.10 ± 0.30 mm (70.319 ± 0.012 inch)	1856.80 ± 0.30 mm (73.102 ± 0.012 inch)	2073.00 ± 0.30 mm (81.614 ± 0.012 inch)
C	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.249 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.249 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 57.137 ± 0.038 mm (2.249 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 63.513 ± 0.038 mm (2.501 ± 0.0015 inch)	Ø 116.00 ± 0.038 mm (4.567 ± 0.0015 inch)

Crack Detection Methods

Crack detection methods or Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) are utilized for examining components for cracks without damaging the component. Visual inspection, Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT), Magnetic Particle Inspection (MT), Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Radiographic Testing and Eddy Current Testing are recommended methods. There may be more than one acceptable crack detection method for the inspection of a given part, though the liquid penetrant is the most versatile. For example, the liquid penetrant method can be used when inspecting smooth machined components such as shafts, gear teeth, and splines, but using the Wet Magnetic Particle Inspection is more accurate. Refer to Table 26 for advantages and disadvantages and Table 27 for standards and requirements for these NDT methods.

Table 26

Crack Inspection Method Advantages vs. Disadvantages
Inspection Method	Advantages	Disadvantages
Visual Surface Inspection (VT)	- Least expensive - Detects most damaging defects - Immediate results - Minimum part preparation	- Limited to surface-only defects - Requires inspectors to have broad knowledge of welding and fabrication in addition to NDT
Liquid Penetrant (PT)	- Inexpensive - Minimal training - Portable - Works on nonmagnetic material	- Least sensitive - Detects surface cracks only - Rough or porous surfaces interfere with test
Dry Magnetic Particle (MT)	- Portable - Fast/Immediate Results - Detects surface and subsurface discontinuities	- Works on magnetic material only - Less sensitive than Wet Magnetic Particle
Wet Magnetic Particle (MT)	- More sensitive than Liquid Penetrant - Detects subsurface as much as 0.13 mm (0.005 inch)	- Requires Power for Light - Works on magnetic parts only - Liquid composition and agitation must be monitored
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)	- Most sensitive - Detects deep material defects - Immediate results - Wide range of materials and thickness can be inspected	- Most expensive - Requires operator training and certification - Surface must be accessible to probe
Eddy Current Testing (ET)	- Surface and near surface flaws detectable - Moderate speed/Immediate results - Sensitive too small discontinuities	- Difficult to interpret - Only for metals - Rough surfaces interfere with test - Surface must be accessible to probe
Radiographic Testing (RT)	- Detects surface and internal flaws - Minimum part preparation - Can inspect hidden areas	- Not for porous materials - Radiation protection needed - Defect able to be detected is limited to 2% of thickness

Table 27

Applicable Crack Detection Standards
Type	Standard	Acceptance Criteria	Recommended Practice	Minimum Required Personnel Qualifications
Visual Surface Inspection (VT)	EN-ISO 5817 AWS D1.1	EN-ISO 5817 - Level B AWS D1.1 - Table 6.1	ANSI-ASNT SNT-TC-1A	EN-ISO 9712
Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)	EN-ISO 3452 ASTM E165	EN-ISO 23277 AWS - D1.1	ANSI-ASNT SNT-TC-1A	EN-ISO 9712
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)	EN-ISO 17638 ASTM E709	EN-ISO 23278 - Level 1 AWS D1.1 - Table 6.1	ANSI-ASNT SNT-TC-1A	EN-ISO 9712
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)	EN-ISO 17640 - Level B AWS D1.1	EN-ISO 11666 Technique 2 - Level 2 AWS D1.1 - Class A - Table 6.3	ANSI-ASNT SNT-TC-1A	EN-ISO 9712
Eddy Current Testing (ET)	EN-ISO 15549 ASTM E426	EN-ISO 20807	ANSI-ASNT SNT-TC-1A	EN-ISO 9712
Radiographic Testing (RT)	EN-ISO 5579 ASTM E94	EN-ISO 10657-1	ANSI-ASNT SNT-TC-1A	EN-ISO 9712

Show/hide table

NOTICE
Regardless of which crack detection method is used, it is important that the instructions furnished with the detection equipment are followed closely when checking any component. Failure to do so may cause inaccurate results or may cause injury to the operator and/or surroundings.

Visual Surface Inspection (VT)

Illustration 22	g06085008
Example of Visual Inspection Tools (A) Flashlight or adequate light source (B) Magnifying eye loupe (C) Tape measure or other measuring device (D) Inspection mirror (E) Weld size inspection gauges

Components and welds that are to be inspected using PT, MT, or UT shall first be subject to visual inspection (VT). Visual Inspection is often the most cost-effective inspection method and requires little equipment as seen in Illustration 22. It is suggested that at a minimum personnel performing Visual Inspection are either trained to a company standard or have sufficient experience and knowledge about the components being inspected. It is also suggested that personnel performing visual inspections take some type of eyesight test regularly.

Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)

Show/hide table

Personal injury can result from improper handling of chemicals. Make sure you use all the necessary protective equipment required to do the job. Make sure that you read and understand all directions and hazards described on the labels and material safety data sheet of any chemical that is used. Observe all safety precautions recommended by the chemical manufacturer for handling, storage, and disposal of chemicals.

Materials and Equipment Required

Refer to Tooling and Equipment Table 3 for part numbers.

• Cleaner: Removes dirt before dye application and dissolves the penetrant making possible to wipe the surface clean.

• Penetrant: This solution is highly visible, and will seep into openings at the surface of a part with capillary action.

• Developer: Provides a blotting action, bringing the penetrant out of the discontinuities and providing a contrasting background to increase the visibility of the penetrant indications.

• Wire Brush: Removes dirt and paint.

• Cloth or Wipes: Use with cleaner and for other miscellaneous uses.

Procedure

Show/hide table

Illustration 23	g06107074
Typical example of pre-cleaning area.

1. Preclean inspection area. Spray on cleaner / remover to loosen any scale, dirt, or any oil. Wipe the area to inspect with a solvent dampened cloth to remove remaining dirt and allow the area to dry. If there is visible crack remove paint using paint remover or wire brush.
   Show/hide table

   Illustration 24	g06107081
   Typical example of applying penetrant.

2. Apply penetrant by spraying to the entire area to be examined. Allow 10 to 15 minutes for penetrant to soak. After the penetrant has been allowed to soak, remove the excess penetrant with clean, dry wipe.
   Show/hide table

   Illustration 25	g06107088
   Typical example of removing excess penetrant.

3. The last traces of penetrant should be removed with the cleaner solvent dampened cloth or wipe. Allow the area to dry thoroughly.
   Show/hide table

   Illustration 26	g06107094

4. Before using Developer, ensure that it is mixed thoroughly by shaking can. Hold can approximately 8-12 inches away from part, apply an even, thin layer of developer over the area being inspected. A few thin layers are a better application method than one thick layer.
   Show/hide table

   Illustration 27	g06084042
   Typical example of cracks found during a liquid penetrant examination.

5. Allow the developer to dry completely for 10–15 minutes before inspecting for cracks. Defects will show as red lines in white developer background, refer to Illustration 27. Clean the area of application of the developer with solvent cleaner.

Dry Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)

Materials and Equipment Required

Refer to Tooling and Equipment Table 3 for part numbers.

Illustration 28	g06085930
(A) Indications shown by magnetic particle testing. (B) Typical electromagnetic yoke. (C) Dry powder bulb.

1. Dry magnetic powder shall be of high permeability and low retentively and of suitable sizes and shapes to produce magnetic particle indications. The powder shall be of a color that will provide adequate contrast with the background of the surface being inspected.

2. Dry magnetic particles shall be stored in suitable containers to resist contamination such as moisture, grease, oil, non-magnetic particles such as sand, and excessive heat. Contaminants will manifest in the form of particle color change and particle agglomeration. The degree of contamination will determine further use of the powder.

3. Dry magnetic powder shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E709 Section 18 (Evaluation of System Performance/Sensitivity) when not performing.

4. Equipment should include a "U" shaped electromagnetic yoke made from highly permeable magnetic material, which has a coil wound around the yoke. This coil carries a magnetizing current to impose a localized longitudinal magnetic field into the part. The magnetizing force of the yoke is related to the electromagnetic strength and can be tested by determining the lifting power of a steel plate. The yoke shall have a lifting force of at least 4.5 kg (10 lbs).

5. Check dry powder blower routinely to ensure that the spray is a light, uniform, dust-like coating of the dry magnetic particles. Blower should also have sufficient force to remove excess particles without disturbing those particles that are evidence of indications.

6. All equipment shall be inspected at a minimum of once a year or when accuracy is questionable.

Procedure

1. Ensure surface to be inspected is dry and free from oil, grease, sand, loose rust, mil scale, paint, and other contaminants.

2. Apply the magnetic field using the yoke against the faces and inside diameter of each bore.

3. Simultaneously apply the dry powder using the dry powder blower.

4. Remove excess powder by lightly blowing away the dry particles.

5. Continue around the entire circumference of each bore. Position the yoke twice in each area at 1.57 rad (90°) to ensure that multiple directions of the magnetic field are created.

6. Observe particles and note if any clusters of particles appear revealing an indication.

7. Record the size and shape of any discontinuities or indications found.

Wet Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)

Materials and Equipment

Refer to Tooling and Equipment Table 3 for part numbers.

Illustration 29	g06085937
(A) Indications shown by magnetic particle testing. (B) Typical electromagnetic yoke. (D) UV Lamp used in wet magnetic particle inspection process.

Illustration 30	g06003178
Pear Shaped Centrifuge Tube

1. Wet magnetic particles are fluorescent and are suspended in a vehicle in a given concentration that will allow application to the test surface by spraying.

2. Concentration:

   1. The concentration of the suspended magnetic particles shall be as specified by the manufacturer and be checked by settling volume measurements.

   2. Concentrations are determined by measuring the settling volume by using an ASTM pear shaped centrifuge tube with a 1 mL (0.034 oz) stem with 0.05 mL (0.0017 oz) 1.0 mL (0.034 oz) divisions, refer to Illustration 30. Before sampling, the suspension shall be thoroughly mixed to assure suspension of all particles, which could have settled. A 100 mL (3.40 oz) sample of the suspension shall be taken and allowed to settle for 30 minutes. The settling volume should be between 0.1 mL (0.0034 oz) and 0.25 mL (0.0085 oz) in a 100 mL (3.40 oz) sample.

   3. Wet magnetic particles may be suspended in a low viscosity oil or conditioned water.

   4. The oil shall have the following characteristics:

      • Low viscosity not to exceed 50 mSt (5.0 cSt) at any temperature at which the vehicle is to be used.

      • Low inherent fluorescence and be non-reactive.

   5. The conditioning agents used in the conditioned water shall have the following characteristics:

      • Impart good wetting characteristics and good dispersion.

      • Minimize foaming and be non-corrosive.

      • Low viscosity shall not exceed a maximum viscosity of 50 mSt (5.0 cSt) at 38° C (100° F).

      • Non-fluorescent, non-reactive, and odorless.

      • Alkalinity shall not exceed a pH of 10.5.

3. Equipment should include a "U" shaped electromagnetic yoke made from highly permeable magnetic material, which has a coil wound around the yoke. This coil carries a magnetizing current to impose a localized longitudinal magnetic field into the part. The magnetizing force of the yoke is related to the electromagnetic strength and can be tested by determining the lifting power of a steel plate. The yoke shall have a lifting force of at least 4.5 kg (10 lbs).

Procedure

1. Ensure surface to be inspected is dry and free from oil, grease, sand, loose rust, mil scale, paint, and any other contaminants.

2. Apply the magnetic field using the yoke against the surface in the area to be inspected.
   Show/hide table

   Illustration 31	g03536210

3. For case hardened and ground surfaces:

   • Due to the sensitivity required to locate the grinding cracks, inspection of case hardened and ground surfaces require that the yoke is applied so that the magnetic field is 1.57 rad (90°) to the expected direction of the indications. Also, due to the increased sensitivity resulting when the yoke is energized, the yoke is not moved until the evaluation is completed in the first direction. An AC yoke shall be used. See Illustration 31 for an example of yoke placement.

4. Visually inspect for indications of discontinuities using the proper illumination.

5. Record the size and shape of any discontinuities found.

Ultrasonic Testing (UT)

Refer to Tooling and Equipment Table 3 for part numbers.

Show/hide table

NOTICE
All personnel involved in ultrasonic examinations shall be qualified to Level 2 in accordance to standards stated in Table 27.

1. Ultrasonic testing (UT) is a method of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) using short ultrasonic pulse waves (with frequencies from 0.1-15 MHz up to 50 MHz) to detect the thickness of the object. Ultrasonic testing consists of an ultrasound transducer connected to a diagnostic machine and passed over the object being inspected.

2. There are two methods of receiving the ultrasound waveform from the transducer: reflection and attenuation.

   a. Reflection - Ultrasonic pulses exit the transducer and travel throughout the thickness of the material. When the sound waves propagate into an object being tested, the waves return to the transducer when a discontinuity is discovered along the sonic path. These waves continue and reflect from the back surface of the material to project the thickness of the material.

   b. Attenuation - A transmitter sends ultrasound through one surface, and a separate receiver detects the amount that has reached it on another surface after traveling through the medium. Any discontinuities or other conditions within the medium will reduce the amount of sound transmitted, revealing the presence of the imperfections.

Eddy Current Testing

Illustration 32	g06090873
Eddy-current testing

Show/hide table

NOTICE
All personnel involved in Eddy Current examinations shall be qualified to Level 2 in accordance to standards stated in Table 27.

Eddy-current testing (ET) is a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method in which eddy-current flow is induced in the test object. Changes in the flow caused by variations in the specimen are reflected in to a nearby coil or coils for subsequent analysis by suitable instrumentation and techniques. Major applications of eddy-current testing are surface inspection and tubing inspections.

Radiographic Testing

Illustration 33	g06090892
Radiographic Testing

All personnel involved in radiographic examinations shall be qualified to Level 2 in accordance to standards stated in Table 27.

Illustration 34	g00008666

This process is dangerous. Only qualified personnel and test equipment should be appointed to perform this type of testing.

Radiographic testing (RT) is a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method in which short wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is used to penetrate materials to find hidden discontinuities such as cracks. In radiographic testing, the test object is placed between the radiation source and the film, or x-ray detector. The electromagnetic radiation will penetrate the thickness of the test object and, when all the way through, will project onto the film any indications that have been in the path of the radiation waves.