Illustration 1 | g00740419 |
(1) Coolant temperature sensor (2) Optional coolant level sensor |
Illustration 2 | g00740433 |
(3) Optional fuel temperature sensor (4) Injection actuation pressure sensor (5) Boost pressure sensor (6) Inlet air temperature sensor (7) Optional fuel pressure sensor (8) Customer connector (9) Engine speed/timing sensors (10) Service tool connector (11) Oil pressure sensor |
The electronic control system is integrally designed into the engine's fuel system and the engine's air inlet and exhaust system in order to electronically control the fuel delivery and the injection timing. The electronic control system provides increased timing control and fuel air ratio control in comparison to conventional mechanical engines. Injection timing is achieved by the precise control of the injector firing time. Engine speed is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. The Electronic Control Module (ECM) energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to start the injection of fuel. Also, the Electronic Control Module (ECM) de-energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to stop the injection of fuel.
Refer to Systems Operation/Testing And Adjusting, "Fuel System" for a complete explanation of the fuel injection process.
The engine uses the following three types of electronic components:
- Input component
- Control component
- Output component
An input component is one that sends an electrical signal to the ECM of the system. The signal that is sent varies in either of the following ways:
- Voltage
- Frequency
- Pulse width
The variation of the signal is in response to a change in some specific system of the engine. Some specific examples of an input component are the engine speed-timing sensors, and the coolant temperature sensor. The ECM interprets the signal from the input component as information about the condition, environment, or operation of the engine.
A control component (ECM) receives the input signals from the input components. Electronic circuits inside the control component evaluate the signals from the input components. These electronic circuits also supply electrical energy to the output components of the system. The electrical energy that is supplied to the output components is based on predetermined combinations of input signal values.
An output component is one that is operated by a control module. The output component receives electrical energy from the control group. The output component uses that electrical energy in one of two ways. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to perform work. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to provide information.
As an example, a moving solenoid plunger will perform work. By performing work, the component has functioned in order to regulate the engine.
As an example, a control panel light or an alarm will provide information to the operator of the engine.
These electronic components provide the ability to electronically control the engine operation. Engines with electronic controls offer the following advantages:
- Improvement in performance
- Improvement in fuel consumption
- Reduction in emissions levels
System Diagnostic Codes
Electrical Connectors And Functions
Electrical Connectors And Functions     | |
J/P No.     | Function     |
J1/P1     | ECM Connector (OEM Harness Connector)     |
J2/P2     | ECM Connector (Engine Harness Connector)     |
J100/P100     | Coolant Temperature Sensor Connector (2 pin)     |
J103/P103     | Sensor Connector for Inlet Air Temperature (2 Pin)     |
J105/P105     | Optional Sensor Connector for Fuel Temperature (3 pin)     |
J137/P137     | Sensor Connector for Transmission Oil Temperature (3 pin)     |
J200/P200     | Sensor Connector for Boost Pressure (3 pin)     |
J201/P201     | Sensor Connector for Engine Oil Pressure (3 pin)     |
J204/P204     | Sensor Connector for Injection Actuation Pressure (3 pin)     |
J212/P212     | Sensor Connector for Transmission Pressure (3 pin)     |
J300/P300     | Unit Injector Connector (12 pin)     |
J360/P360     | No. 1 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J361/P361     | No. 2 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J362/P362     | No. 3 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J363/P363     | No. 4 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J364/P364     | No. 5 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J365/P365     | No. 6 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J400/P400     | Engine Timing Calibration Probe (2 pin)     |
J401/P401     | Sensor Connector for Top Camshaft Engine Speed/Timing (2 pin)     |
J402/P402     | Sensor Connector for Bottom Camshaft Engine Speed/Timing (2 pin)     |
J500/P500     | Connector for Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve (2 pin)     |
J800/P800     | Optional Sensor Connector for Coolant Level (3 pin)     |
CID-FMI Flash Codes
Diagnostic Flash Codes     | ||
CID-FMI     | Flash Code     | Description of Code     |
1-11     | 71     | Fault of Cylinder 1     |
2-11     | 72     | Fault of Cylinder 2     |
3-11     | 73     | Fault of Cylinder 3     |
4-11     | 74     | Fault of Cylinder 4     |
5-11     | 75     | Fault of Cylinder 5     |
6-11     | 76     | Fault of Cylinder 6     |
41-3     | 21     | Sensor Supply Voltage is Above Normal.     |
41-4     | 21     | Sensor Supply Voltage is Below Normal.     |
42-5     | 14     | Open Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve     |
42-6     | 14     | Short Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve     |
42-11     | 14     | Short Circuit or Open Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve     |
91-8     | 32     | Fault of Throttle Position Sensor     |
91-13     | 28     | Check the Adjustment of the Throttle Sensor.     |
100-3     | 24     | Open or Short Circuit of Oil Pressure Sensor to + Battery     |
100-4     | 24     | Short Circuit of Oil Pressure Sensor to Minus Battery     |
102-3     | 25     | Open or Short Circuit of Boost Pressure Sensor to + Battery     |
102-4     | 25     | Short Circuit of Boost Pressure Sensor to Minus Battery     |
105-3     | 38     | Open or Short Circuit of Inlet Air Temperature Sensor to + Battery     |
105-4     | 38     | Short Circuit of Inlet Air Temperature Sensor to Minus Battery     |
110-3     | 27     | Open or Short Circuit of Coolant Temperature Sensor to + Battery     |
110-4     | 27     | Short Circuit of Coolant Temperature Sensor to Minus Battery     |
127-3     | 64     | Open or Short Circuit of Transmission Oil Pressure Sensor to + Battery     |
127-4     | 64     | Short Circuit of Transmission Oil Pressure Sensor to Minus Battery     |
164-3     | 43     | Open or Short Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor to + Battery     |
164-4     | 43     | Short Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor to Minus Battery     |
168-0     | 17     | Battery Voltage is Above Normal.     |
168-1     | 17     | Battery Voltage is Below Normal.     |
168-2     | 17     | Battery Voltage is Intermittent.     |
174-3     | 13     | Open or Short Circuit of Fuel Temperature Sensor to + Battery     |
174-4     | 13     | Short Circuit of Optional Fuel Temperature Sensor to Minus Battery     |
177-3     | 67     | Open or Short Circuit of Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor to + Battery     |
177-4     | 67     | Short Circuit of Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor to Minus Battery     |
190-2     | 34     | Loss of Engine RPM Signal     |
190-3     | 34     | Short or Open Circuit of Engine RPM Signal     |
190-7     | 34     | Engine RPM Sensor is incorrectly installed.     |
190-8     | 34     | Engine RPM Signal is Abnormal.     |
253-2     | 59     | Incorrect Engine Software     |
254-12     | 53     | ECM Fault     |
261-13     | 42     | Check the Timing Sensor Calibration.     |
262-3     | 21     | Analog Sensor Supply is Above Normal.     |
262-4     | 21     | Analog Sensor Supply is Below Normal.     |
268-2     | 56     | Check the Customer Parameters or Check the System Parameters.     |
342-2     | 34     | Loss of Backup Engine RPM Signal     |
342-3     | 34     | Fault of Backup Engine RPM Sensor     |
342-7     | 34     | Backup Engine RPM Sensor is Incorrectly Installed.     |
342-8     | 34     | Backup Engine RPM Signal is Abnormal.     |
1249-8     | 32     | Secondary Throttle Position Signal is Abnormal.     |
1249-13     | 28     | Check the Secondary Throttle Position Sensor Calibration.     |