994K Large Wheel Loader Field Assembly Manual Caterpillar

General Information - Torque Specifications, Graphic Color Description, and Graphic Symbol Description

Usage:

994K MM9

Torque Specifications

English (SAE) Fasteners

The following table has the recommended standard torque values.

Show/hide table

Table 1
Nuts and Bolts
Thread Size Inch	Standard Torque
1/4	12 ± 3 N·m (9 ± 2 lb ft)
5/16	25 ± 5 N·m (18 ± 5 lb ft)
3/8	47 ± 10 N·m (35 ± 5 lb ft)
7/16	70 ± 15 N·m (50 ± 10 lb ft)
1/2	105 ± 20 N·m (75 ± 15 lb ft)
9/16	160 ± 30 N·m (120 ± 20 lb ft)
5/8	215 ± 40 N·m (160 ± 30 lb ft)
3/4	370 ± 50 N·m (275 ± 37 lb ft)
7/8	620 ± 80 N·m (460 ± 60 lb ft)
1	900 ± 100 N·m (660 ± 75 lb ft)
1 1/8	1300 ± 150 N·m (960 ± 110 lb ft)
1 1/4	1800 ± 200 N·m (1320 ± 150 lb ft)
1 3/8	2400 ± 300 N·m (1780 ± 220 lb ft)
1 1/2	3100 ± 350 N·m (2280 ± 260 lb ft)

Metric (ISO) Fasteners

The following table has the recommended standard torque values.

Show/hide table

Table 2
Nuts and Bolts
Thread Size Metric	Standard Torque
M6	12 ± 3 N·m (9 ± 2 lb ft)
M8	30 ± 5 N·m (20 ± 5 lb ft)
M10	55 ± 10 N·m (40 ± 5 lb ft)
M12	100 ± 20 N·m (75 ± 15 lb ft)
M14	160 ± 30 N·m (120 ± 20 lb ft)
M16	240 ± 40 N·m (175 ± 30 lb ft)
M20	460 ± 60 N·m (340 ± 45 lb ft)
M24	800 ± 100 N·m (590 ± 75 lb ft)
M30	1600 ± 200 N·m (1180 ± 150 lb ft)
M36	2700 ± 300 N·m (2000 ± 220 lb ft)

Hydraulic Four Bolt Flange

Show/hide table




Illustration 1	g02724217

Position the flanges parallel over the port.
Evenly install bolts hand-tight, keeping the gap between flanges at a minimum.
Put the hose in a position so that the hose does not contact the machine or with another hose.
Tighten using one of the assembly torque values for bolts, used in Illustration 1 for proper torque sequence of various flange fittings.

Straight Thread O-ring Fittings

The following tables have the recommended standard torque values.

Note: Straight Thread O-Ring fittings for medium pressure usage will have shorter threaded ends than high-pressure fittings. The torque value for medium pressure Straight Thread O-Ring fittings will be lower than the torque values that are required for Straight Thread O-Ring fittings for high-pressure fittings.

Show/hide table

Table 3
Ferrous Straight Thread O-Ring Fitting Torques for Mating with Ferrous Materials Medium Pressure use Fittings
Nominal Outer Diameter of the Tube	Thread Size Inch	Standard Torque
3.18 mm (.125 inch)	5/16 - 24	10 ± 2 N·m (7 ± 1. lb ft)
4.76 mm (.188 inch)	3/8 - 24	17 ± 3 N·m (13 ± 2 lb ft)
6.35 mm (.250 inch)	7/16 - 20	35 ± 5 N·m (26 ± 4 lb ft)
7.94 mm (.312 inch)	1/2 - 20	45 ± 7 N·m (33 ± 5 lb ft)
9.52 mm (.375 inch)	9/16 - 18	45 ± 7 N·m (33 ± 5 lb ft)
12.70 mm (.500 inch)	3/4 - 16	80 ± 12 N·m (59 ± 9 lb ft)
15.88 mm (.625 inch)	7/8 - 14	110 ± 17 N·m (81 ± 13 lb ft)
19.05 mm (.750 inch)	1 1/16 - 12	130 ± 20 N·m (96 ± 15 lb ft)
22.22 mm (.875 inch)	1 3/16 - 12	200 ± 30 N·m (148 ± 22 lb ft)
25.40 mm (1.000 inch)	1 5/16 - 12	220 ± 33 N·m (162 ± 24 lb ft)
31.75 mm (1.250 inch)	1 5/8 - 12	300 ± 45 N·m (221 ± 33 lb ft)
38.10 mm (1.500 inch)	1 7/8 - 12	350 ± 53 N·m (258 ± 39 lb ft)
50.80 mm (2.000 inch)	2 1/2 - 12	420 ± 63 N·m (310 ± 46 lb ft)

Note: Straight Thread O-Ring fittings for high-pressure usage will have longer threaded ends than medium pressure fittings. The torque value for high-pressure Straight Thread O-Ring fittings will be higher than the torque values that are required for Straight Thread O-Ring fittings for medium pressure fittings.

Show/hide table

Table 4
Ferrous Straight Thread O-Ring Fittings Torques for Mating with Ferrous Materials High Pressure use with O-Ring Face Seal Fittings
Nominal Outer Diameter of the Tube	Thread Size Inch	Standard Torque
4.76 mm (0.188 inch)	3/8 - 24	25 ± 4 N·m (18 ± 3 lb ft)
6.35 mm (0.250 inch)	7/16 - 20	35 ± 5 N·m (26 ± 4 lb ft)
7.94 mm (0.312 inch)	1/2 - 20	50 ± 8 N·m (37 ± 6 lb ft)
9.52 mm (0.375 inch)	9/16 - 18	70 ± 11 N·m (52 ± 8 lb ft)
12.7 mm (0.500 inch)	3/4 - 16	110 ± 17 N·m (81 ± 13 lb ft)
15.88 mm (0.625 inch)	7/8 - 14	140 ± 21 N·m (103 ± 15 lb ft)
19.05 mm (0.750 inch)	1 1/16 - 12	220 ± 33 N·m (162 ± 24 lb ft)
22.22 mm (0.875 inch)	1 3/16 - 12	260 ± 39 N·m (192 ± 29 lb ft)
25.40 mm (1.000 inch)	1 5/16 - 12	350 ± 53 N·m (258 ± 39 lb ft)
31.75 mm (1.250 inch)	1 5/8 -12	400 ± 60 mm (16 ± 2 inch)
38.10 mm (1.500 inch)	1 7/8 - 12	420 ± 63 N·m (3100 ± 46 lb ft)
63.50 mm (2.500 inch)	21/2 - 12	600 ± 90 N·m (443 ± 66 lb ft)

Show/hide table

Table 5
Metric Ferrous Straight Thread O-Ring Fittings Torques for Mating with Ferrous Materials Medium Pressure use Fittings
Ref Nominal Outer Diameter of the Tube	Thread Size	Standard Torque Tolerance
4 mm	M8 X 1	10 ± 2 N·m (7 ± 1. lb ft)
5 mm	M10 X 1	17 ± 3 N·m (13 ± 2 lb ft)
6 mm	M12 X 1.5	35 ± 5 N·m (26 ± 4 lb ft)
8 mm	M14 X 1.5	45 ± 7 N·m (33 ± 5 lb ft)
10 mm	M16 X 1.5	45 ± 7 N·m (33 ± 5 lb ft)
12 mm	M18 X 1.5	80 ± 12 N·m (59 ± 9 lb ft)
16 mm	M22 X 1.5	110 ± 17 N·m (81 ± 13 lb ft)
20 mm	M27 X 2	130 ± 20 N·m (96 ± 15 lb ft)
22 mm	M30 X 2	200 ± 30 N·m (148 ± 22 lb ft)
25 mm	M33 X 2	220 ± 33 N·m (162 ± 24 lb ft)
30 mm	M42 X 2	300 ± 45 N·m (221 ± 33 lb ft)
38 mm	M48 X 2	350 ± 53 N·m (258 ± 39 lb ft)
50 mm	M60 X 2	420 ± 63 N·m (310 ± 46 lb ft)

Show/hide table

Table 6
Metric Ferrous Straight Thread O-Ring Fittings Torques for Mating with Ferrous Materials High Pressure use with O-Ring Face Seal Fittings
Ref Nominal Outer Diameter of the Tube	Thread Size	Standard Torque Tolerance
5 mm	M10 X 1	25 ± 4 N·m (18 ± 3 lb ft)
6 mm	M12 X 1.5	35 ± 5 N·m (26 ± 4 lb ft)
8 mm	M14 X 1.5	50 ± 8 N·m (37 ± 6 lb ft)
10 mm	M16 X 1.5	70 ± 11 N·m (52 ± 8 lb ft)
12 mm	M18 X 1.5	110 ± 17 N·m (81 ± 13 lb ft)
16 mm	M22 X 1.5	140 ± 21 N·m (103 ± 15 lb ft)
20 mm	M27 X 2	220 ± 33 N·m (162 ± 24 lb ft)
22 mm	M30 X 2	260 ± 39 N·m (192 ± 29 lb ft)
25 mm	M33 X 2	350 ± 53 N·m (258 ± 39 lb ft)
30 mm	M42 X 2	400 ± 60 mm (16 ± 2 inch)
38 mm	M48 X 2	420 ± 63 N·m (3100 ± 46 lb ft)
50 mm	M60 X 2	600 ± 90 N·m (443 ± 66 lb ft)

O-ring Faced Seal Fittings

The following table has the recommended standard torque values.

Show/hide table

Table 7
Ferrous ORFS Fitting
Thread Size Inch	Standard Torque for Nut (3)
9/16 - 18	30 ± 5 N·m (266 ± 44 lb in)
11/16 - 16	50 ± 8 N·m (37 ± 6 lb ft)
13/16 - 16	70 ± 11 N·m (52 ± 8 lb ft)
1 - 14	110 ± 17 N·m (81 ± 13 lb ft)
1 13/16 - 12	160 ± 24 N·m (118 ± 18 lb ft)
1 7/16 - 12	260 ± 39 N·m (192 ± 29 lb ft)
1 11/16 - 12	300 ± 45 N·m (221 ± 33 lb ft)
2 - 12	350 ± 53 N·m (258 ± 39 lb ft)

Tapered Pipe Thread Fittings

The following table has the recommended standard torque values.

Show/hide table

Table 8
Tapered Pipe Thread Fittings
Diameter of the Pipe Thread (Inch)	Standard Torque
Diameter of the Pipe Thread (Inch)	Assembly Turns after Hand Tight	Torque
1/16	3	10 ± 2 N·m (89 ± 18 lb in)
1/8	3	20 ± 3 N·m (177 ± 27 lb in)
1/4	3	35 ± 5 N·m (26 ± 4 lb ft)
3/8	3	60 ± 9 N·m (44 ± 7 lb ft)
1/2	2.5	80 ± 12 N·m (60 ± 9 lb ft)
3/4	2.5	100 ± 15 N·m (74 ± 11 lb ft)
1	2.5	120 ± 18 N·m (89 ± 13 lb ft)
1 1/4	2.5	140 ± 21 N·m (103 ± 15 lb ft)
1 1/2	2.5	160 ± 24 N·m (118 ± 18 lb ft)
2	2.5	180 ± 27 N·m (132 ± 20 lb ft)

Hose Clamps

The following tables have the recommended standard torque values.

Show/hide table

Table 9
Worm Drive Band Type Hose Clamps
Width of Clamp	Torque for New Hose
7.5 mm (0.3 inch) or smaller	1.4 ± 0.3 N·m (12 ± 3 lb in)
12 mm (0.5 inch) or smaller	4.5 ± 0.7 N·m (40 ± 6 lb in)
14 mm (0.6 inch) or smaller	7.5 ± 1 N·m (66 ± 9 lb in)
Width of Clamp	Torque for Reused Hose⁽¹⁾
7.5 mm (0.3 inch) or smaller	0.8 ± 0.3 N·m (7 ± 3 lb in)
12 mm (0.5 inch) or smaller	3.0 ± 0.5 N·m (27 ± 4 lb in)
14 mm (0.6 inch) or smaller	4.5 ± 0.7 N·m (40 ± 6 lb in)

Show/hide table

⁽¹⁾	Use this value when the hose is reused. The clamp may be new or reused.

Show/hide table

Table 10
Constant Torque Hose Clamps Belleville Washer
Diameter of Hose Clamp	Standard Torque
Up to 50.8 mm (2 inch)	7.5 ± 1 N·m (65 ± 10 lb in)
Greater than 50.8 mm (2 inch)	11 ± 1 N·m (95 ± 10 lb in)

Show/hide table

Table 11
Constant Torque Hose Clamps Tee Bolt and Spring
Diameter of Hose Clamp	Standard Torque
All	7.5 ± 1 N·m (65 ± 10 lb in)

Graphic Color Description

Show/hide table

Table 12
Graphic Color Description
Color	Description
Magenta	Any fastener, retainer, or electrical connector to be installed or removed.
Blue	Components being installed or removed.
Purple	Special Tools, standard tools, or other equipment used in the installation or removal.
Light Grey	Remaining components used for reference.
Red	Sectioned or cutaway surfaces.
Yellow	Components placed aside for access, but not removed.
Cat Yellow	Components shown for Parts and Specification Information.

The graphic color description table identifies what the colors represent in each graphic

Graphic Symbol Description

The graphic symbol description identifies what the symbols represent in the graphic.

Show/hide table

Apply Sealant - To apply an unbroken line of sealing material having the specified thickness or diameter.

Show/hide table

Clean - To remove foreign or undesired material.

Show/hide table

Compress, Load - To press together, to squeeze. To transfer weight or force to an object. The weight or force carried by an object.

Show/hide table

Discard, Do Not Reuse - To cast aside as useless or undesirable in approved and responsible manner.

Show/hide table

Disconnect - To remove from an electrical circuit. To separate.

Show/hide table

Grease - To apply a thick sticky lubricant.

Show/hide table

Keep, Store - To retain for reinstallation or reuse.

Show/hide table

Measure - To determine the dimension, area, volume, or other quantifiable property of an object; a desired quantity of something.

Show/hide table

Remove - To take off.

Show/hide table

Support - To bear the weight of an object.

Show/hide table

Tighten - To make nearer to fully stretched; without slack; to apply tension or torque.

Show/hide table

Special Tool - To work with a nonstandard device.

Show/hide table

Weld - To join by heating until liquid portions of two or more pieces of metal in contact with each other and allowing the common puddle to solidify.