Fuel Injector
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喷油器 (1) 柱塞 (2) 泵油室 (3) 高压燃油油道 (4) 插装阀 (5) 低压燃油油道 (6) 针阀 (7) 阀室 | |
当柱塞 (1) 处于其冲程的上端时，燃油流经喷油器体内的低压油道。 燃油继而流到柱塞的中心油道，然后流入柱塞下方的泵油腔 (2)。 当柱塞处于其冲程的下端时，燃油流经高压油道 (3)。 燃油流经开启的插装阀 (4)，然后流入低压油道 (5)。 当插装阀关闭或被通电激励时，流经插装阀的油路被堵住。 这一封堵导致燃油压力升高，喷油开始。 喷油持续到插装阀被断电或开启。 这使得燃油能够流经插装阀。 这会导致压力下降，喷油结束。 柱塞继续下压机油，使其流经开启的插装阀直到柱塞到达其冲程的下止点。 喷油泵弹簧使柱塞回到起始位置，循环重新开始。
电子控制模块（ECM） 经由喷油器电磁阀控制插装阀的开启或关闭确定了喷油起始点。 插装阀的开启或关闭也决定了喷油量。
在燃油喷射冲程期间，燃油从泵油室流向喷油器喷嘴。 喷嘴有一个弹簧加压的针阀 (6)。 燃油经由环绕针阀的油道流到阀腔 (7)。 在阀腔内，燃油压力将针阀顶离其阀座。 燃油此时可以经由尖端的油孔流入燃烧室。
喷油器的底部探出缸盖以下一小段距离，伸进燃烧室。 喷油器尖端外径周围有几个均匀隔开的小油孔。 这些油孔将燃油喷入燃烧室。
Caterpillar Information System:
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