- Photovoltaic
- PVT110 (S/N: TF21-UP)
- PVT115 (S/N: TF51-UP)
- PVT117 (S/N: TF71-UP)
- PVT120 (S/N: GH81-UP; TF81-UP)
- PVT115 (S/N: TF51-UP)
Introduction
While module breakage cannot be avoided due to the presence of glass, it can be minimized. Proper installation techniques and strict compliance with Cat® guidance can greatly reduce module breakage, keeping returns and replacements to a minimum.
Do not perform any procedure in this Special Instruction until you have read the information and you understand the information.
Safety Section
Cleaning activities create risk of damage to the modules and array components, as well as the potential for electric shock
Only properly trained personnel who understand the risks of applying water to electrical components should clean modules. Trained personnel shall wear appropriate electrically insulating Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during cleaning, inspection operations, or when working near modules.
Professional cleaning services trained to work on live electrical systems are available for hire.
The module encapsulating material and glass provide protection from electrical shock hazard when intact. However, when cracked or chipped, the module’s integrity is compromised (i.e., potential loss of electrical insulating properties,) thereby creating an electrical shock hazard.
Note: Cracked or broken modules represent a shock hazard due to leakage currents, and the risk of shock is increased when modules are wet. Before cleaning, thoroughly inspect modules for cracks, damage, and loose connections.
Note: The voltage and current present in an array during daylight hours are sufficient to cause a lethal electrical shock.
Acceptable module cleaning methods include spraying the modules with low-pressure water that is closely matched in temperature to the temperature of the module or to use a dry brushing technique. The following guidelines minimize impact to plant power generation, reduce safety hazards, and minimize risk of module damage.
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Contact with loose connectors can result in electrical shock and may cause injury or death. |
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Do not operate or work on this product unless you have read and understood the instruction and warnings in the relevant Operation and Maintenance Manuals and relevant service literature. Failure to follow the instructions or heed the warnings could result in injury or death. Proper care is your responsibility. |
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Before servicing/performing maintenance on the machine, electrical power must be physically disconnected; battery plugs must be disconnected from the batteries, or the trailing cable must be unplugged, and warning tags and padlocks shall be applied by a certified electrician. Certified electricians shall perform or direct any electrical work, including any energized testing, repair work in controllers, motors, or other approved compartments, and shall insure that all compartments are properly closed and inspected prior to re-energization. All applicable lock out and tag out procedures must be followed. |
Module Breakage Guidelines
Cat®’s frameless glass modules are thoroughly tested to ensure robust strength characteristics in expected field conditions. A minimal amount of module breakage is expected to occur during shipping, installation, and throughout the lifespan of a photovoltaic (PV) system. However, understanding an estimated rate at which it may occur will assist in planning for spares, as well as benchmarking individual project breakage rates against Cat® estimates.
The following information is based on data collected from Cat® warranty returns to date, and projections based on those rates. The information is meant for guidance purposes only and will be updated annually to reflect changes in breakage data and projections.
Shipping and Installation
Breakage rates are at their highest during shipping and installation as this stage presents the greatest opportunity for handling the modules. Installation techniques and storage methods play a large part in the number of modules that are broken. It is important to comply with the recommendations found in CAT PD-5-801: Box Handling and Storage.
Operational Years 1-10
During the early years of system operation, some module breakage will occur. This breakage can often be attributed to the consequential effects of improper mounting, or to minor module defects becoming visible due to thermal expansion and contraction of the module. To minimize breakage during this period it is important to use equipment specified by Special Instruction , M0099727. It is also important to comply with mounting instructions found in Special Instruction , M0099729, as well as adhering to all installation specifications of mounting hardware. Breakage due to improper module cleaning techniques can be avoided by complying with Special Instruction , M0099715.
Operational Years 11-25+
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| Illustration 1 | g06364390 |
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| Illustration 2 | g06364392 |
Refer to Illustration 1, and 2 for the cumulative breakage rate as a function of Months in Service. The rate reduces over time as expected.
Module breakage rates drop considerably during the "later years" of the PV system’s lifespan. The effects of improper installation, thermal cycling, and manufacturing defects are typically discovered and mitigated in operational years 1-10.
Note: While broken modules do not present a significant risk to the environment, damaged modules or fragments should be handled carefully and returned to a Cat® recycling center via the Company’s Module Collection and Recycling Program. All modules have the relevant contact details on the backside label.