950M and 962M Wheel Loaders Caterpillar

Solenoid Valve - Test

Usage:

962M EJB

Implement ECM

The following is a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that are associated with the solenoid circuits of the machine.

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Table 1
Implement ECM (MID 82)
DTC ⁽¹⁾	Code Description	System Response
354-3	Raise Solenoid #1: Voltage Below Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
354-5	Raise Solenoid #1: Current Below Normal	Raise function is disabled. This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
354-6	Raise Solenoid #1: Current Above Normal	Raise function is disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
354-13	Raise Solenoid #1: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values.
355-3	Lower Solenoid #1: Voltage Below Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled.
355-5	Lower Solenoid #1: Current Below Normal	Lower Function is disabled
355-6	Lower Solenoid #1: Current Above Normal	Lower Function is disabled
355-13	Lower Solenoid #1: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values.
356-3	Dump Solenoid #1: Voltage Below Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
356-5	Dump Solenoid #1: Current Below Normal	Dump Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
356-6	Dump Solenoid #1: Current Above Normal	Dump Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
356-13	Dump Solenoid #1: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values. This code is triggered when the ECM is flashed for the first time or blank ECM.
357-3	Rackback Solenoid #1: Voltage Below Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled.
357-5	Rackback Solenoid #1: Current Below Normal	Rack Function is disabled
357-6	Rackback Solenoid #1: Current Above Normal	Rack Function is disabled
357-13	Rackback Solenoid #1: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values. This code is triggered when the ECM is flashed for the first time or blank ECM.
358-3	Implement Pilot Pressure Supply Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Pilot supply solenoid disabled and implement control power derated. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
358-5	Implement Pilot Pressure Supply Solenoid: Current Below Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
358-6	Implement Pilot Pressure Supply Solenoid: Current Above Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
491-3	Third Function Forward Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
491-5	Third Function Forward Solenoid: Current Below Normal	3rd Forward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
491-6	Third Function Forward Solenoid: Current Above Normal	3rd Forward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
491-13	Third Function Forward Solenoid: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values. This code is triggered when the ECM is flashed for the first time or blank ECM.
492-3	Third Function Rearward Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
492-5	Third Function Rearward Solenoid: Current Below Normal	3rd Rearward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
492-6	Third Function Rearward Solenoid: Current Above Normal	3rd Rearward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
492-13	Third Function Rearward Solenoid: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values. This code is triggered when the ECM is flashed for the first time or blank ECM.
493-3	Fourth Function Forward Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
493-5	Fourth Function Forward Solenoid: Current Below Normal	4th Forward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
493-6	Fourth Function Forward Solenoid: Current Above Normal	4th Forward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
493-13	Fourth Function Forward Solenoid: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values. This code is triggered when the ECM is flashed for the first time or blank ECM.
494-3	Fourth Function Rearward Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Pilot supply solenoid and all implement controls solenoids disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
494-5	Fourth Function Rearward Solenoid: Current Below Normal	4th Rearward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
494-6	Fourth Function Rearward Solenoid: Current Above Normal	4th Rearward Function is disabled This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
494-13	Fourth Function Rearward Solenoid: Out of Calibration	All functions are allowed using the default current values. This code is triggered when the ECM is flashed for the first time or blank ECM.
2177-3	Primary Steering Disable Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The machine will transition to the Secondary Steering Valve and the Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the dash. When the parking brake is engaged, the engine will shut down.
2177-5	Primary Steering Disable Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The machine will transition to the Secondary Steering Valve and the Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the dash. Steering functions will operate when the parking brake is disengaged. Steering functions will not operate when the parking brake is engaged.
2177-6	Primary Steering Disable Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The machine will transition to the Secondary Steering Valve and the Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the dash. Steering functions will operate when the parking brake is disengaged. Steering functions will not operate when the parking brake is engaged.
2671-3	Air Conditioner Compressor Clutch Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The compressor will not operate when this code is active.
2671-5	Air Conditioner Compressor Clutch Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The compressor will not operate when this code is active.
2671-6	Air Conditioner Compressor Clutch Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The compressor will not operate when this code is active.
3279-3	Ride Control Rod End Check Valve Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Ride control dampening is disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
3279-5	Ride Control Rod End Check Valve Solenoid: Current Below Normal	Ride control dampening is disabled. This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
3279-6	Ride Control Rod End Check Valve Solenoid: Current Above Normal	Ride control dampening is disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
3281-3	Ride Control Balance Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	Ride control dampening is disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to battery.
3281-5	Ride Control Balance Solenoid: Current Below Normal	Ride control dampening is disabled. This code is triggered when there is an open circuit.
3281-6	Ride Control Balance Solenoid: Current Above Normal	Ride control dampening is disabled. This code is triggered when there is a short to ground.
3284-3	Primary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the display. The Secondary Steering Solenoids will be active utilizing the Transmission ECM.
3284-5	Primary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the display. The Secondary Steering Solenoids will be active utilizing the Transmission ECM.
3284-6	Primary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the display. The Secondary Steering Solenoids will be active utilizing the Transmission ECM.
3284-13	Primary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Out of Calibration	Perform steering solenoid calibration in ET
3285-3	Primary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the display. The Secondary Steering Solenoids will be active utilizing the Transmission ECM.
3285-5	Primary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the display. The Secondary Steering Solenoids will be active utilizing the Transmission ECM.
3285-6	Primary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will be illuminated on the display. The Secondary Steering Solenoids will be active utilizing the Transmission ECM.
3285-13	Primary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Out of Calibration	Perform steering solenoid calibration in ET

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⁽¹⁾	Diagnostic Codes for components that are connected to the Relay Driver Module are communicated to the Implement ECM via CAN Data Link.

Possible causes for an FMI 3 Diagnostic code are:

The harness is shorted.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 5 Diagnostic code are:

There is an open in the circuit.
The solenoid has failed.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 6 Diagnostic code are:

A wire is shorted to ground.
The solenoid has failed.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 13 Diagnostic code are:

New software has been flashed to the ECM.
The ECM has been replaced.

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Illustration 1	g03657616
Schematic of the Solenoid circuits

Note: The diagram above is a simplified schematic of the connections for the solenoid circuits. The schematic is electrically correct. However, not all of the possible harness connectors are shown. Refer to the latest revision of the Electrical Schematic, UENR3117 for the complete schematic.

Transmission ECM

The following is a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that are associated with the solenoid circuits of the machine.

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Table 2
Transmission ECM (MID 81)
DTC	Code Description	System Response
679-3	Torque Converter Lockup Clutch Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The Lockup clutch will be disabled.
679-5	Torque Converter Lockup Clutch Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The Lockup clutch will be disabled.
679-6	Torque Converter Lockup Clutch Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The Lockup clutch will be disabled.
679-13	Torque Converter Lockup Clutch Solenoid: Out of Calibration	The Lockup clutch will be disabled.
681-3	Parking Brake Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The park brake will not disengage.
681-5	Parking Brake Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The park brake will not disengage.
681-6	Parking Brake Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The park brake will not disengage.
681-7	Parking Brake Solenoid: Not Responding Properly	The park brake will not disengage.
1401-3	Transmission Solenoid 1: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 2 warning will activate.
1401-5	Transmission Solenoid 1: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1401-6	Transmission Solenoid 1: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1401-13	Transmission Solenoid 1: Out Of Calibration	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1402-3	Transmission Solenoid 2: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 2 warning will activate.
1402-5	Transmission Solenoid 2: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1402-6	Transmission Solenoid 2: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1402-13	Transmission Solenoid 2: Out Of Calibration	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1403-3	Transmission Solenoid 3: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1403-5	Transmission Solenoid 3: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1403-6	Transmission Solenoid 3: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1403-13	Transmission Solenoid 3: Out Of Calibration	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1404-3	Transmission Solenoid 4: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1404-5	Transmission Solenoid 4: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1404-6	Transmission Solenoid 4: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1404-13	Transmission Solenoid 4: Out Of Calibration	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1405-3	Transmission Solenoid 5: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1405-5	Transmission Solenoid 5: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1405-6	Transmission Solenoid 5: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1405-13	Transmission Solenoid 5: Out Of Calibration	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1406-3	Transmission Solenoid 6: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1406-5	Transmission Solenoid 6: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1406-6	Transmission Solenoid 6: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
1406-13	Transmission Solenoid 6: Out Of Calibration	A Level 1 warning will activate.
2175-3	Secondary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	If this DTC is active in combination with faults in the Primary Steering Solenoids, steering will be disabled. If there are no faults in with the Primary Steering Solenoids, the steering will remain operational.
2175-5	Secondary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Current Below Normal	If this DTC is active in combination with faults in the Primary Steering Solenoids, steering will be disabled. If there are no faults in with the Primary Steering Solenoids, the steering will remain operational. A Level 3 warning will activate.
2175-6	Secondary Steering System Steer Left Solenoid: Current Above Normal	If this DTC is active in combination with faults in the Primary Steering Solenoids, steering will be disabled. If there are no faults in with the Primary Steering Solenoids, the steering will remain operational. A Level 3 warning will activate.
2176-3	Secondary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	If this DTC is active in combination with faults in the Primary Steering Solenoids, steering will be disabled. If there are no faults in with the Primary Steering Solenoids, the steering will remain operational. A Level 3 warning will activate.
2176-5	Secondary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Current Below Normal	If this DTC is active in combination with faults in the Primary Steering Solenoids, steering will be disabled. If there are no faults in with the Primary Steering Solenoids, the steering will remain operational. A Level 3 warning will activate.
2176-6	Secondary Steering System Steer Right Solenoid: Current Above Normal	If this DTC is active in combination with faults in the Primary Steering Solenoids, steering will be disabled. If there are no faults in with the Primary Steering Solenoids, the steering will remain operational. A Level 3 warning will activate.
2442-3	Front Axle Differential Lock Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The differential lock will be stuck engaged.
2442-5	Front Axle Differential Lock Solenoid: Current Below Normal	May or may not function depending on how severe the fault is. If the lock still has function, it will likely fail to engage with more use.
2442-6	Front Axle Differential Lock Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The differential lock will not engage.
2443-3	Rear Axle Differential Lock Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The differential lock will be stuck engaged.
2443-5	Rear Axle Differential Lock Solenoid: Current Below Normal	May or may not function depending on how severe the fault is. If the lock still has function, it will likely fail to engage with more use.
2443-6	Rear Axle Differential Lock Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The differential lock will not engage.
2742-3	Brake Accumulator Charging Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 3 warning will activate.
2742-5	Brake Accumulator Charging Solenoid: Current Below Normal	A Level 3 warning will activate.
2742-6	Brake Accumulator Charging Solenoid: Current Above Normal	A Level 3 warning will activate.
3210-3	Transmission Pump Bypass Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	The solenoid would bypass during the startup to aid engine start. While bypassing, the transmission will be in neutral. Bypassing will stop when the engine hit a certain RPM for a certain duration.
3210-5	Transmission Pump Bypass Solenoid: Current Below Normal	The solenoid would bypass during the startup to aid engine start. While bypassing, the transmission will be in neutral. Bypassing will stop when the engine hit a certain RPM for a certain duration.
3210-6	Transmission Pump Bypass Solenoid: Current Above Normal	The solenoid would bypass during the startup to aid engine start. While bypassing, the transmission will be in neutral. Bypassing will stop when the engine hit a certain RPM for a certain duration.
3737-3	Transmission Main Relief Valve Solenoid: Voltage Above Normal	A Level 2 warning will activate.
3737-5	Transmission Main Relief Valve Solenoid: Current Below Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
3737-6	Transmission Main Relief Valve Solenoid: Current Above Normal	A Level 1 warning will activate.
3737-11	Transmission Main Relief Valve Solenoid: Failure Mode not Identifiable	A Level 1 warning will activate.

Possible causes for an FMI 3 Diagnostic code are:

The harness is shorted.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 5 Diagnostic code are:

There is an open in the circuit.
The solenoid has failed.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 6 Diagnostic code are:

A wire is shorted to ground.
The solenoid has failed.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 7 Diagnostic code are:

The pressure of 1918 kPa (278 psi) was not realized within 10 seconds of disengaging the brake.
A blockage exists in the hydraulic system that has reduced the available pressure.
A mechanical issue exists that is not allowing the disengagement of the brake.
Cold conditions exist that have changed the viscosity of the oil. Extreme cold is defined as −32° C (−25° F) or less.

Possible causes for an FMI 11 Diagnostic code are:

There is an intermittent open or high resistance in the circuit.
The solenoid has failed.
The ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 13 Diagnostic code are:

New software has been flashed to the ECM.
The ECM has been replaced.

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Illustration 2	g03657633
Schematic of the Solenoid circuits

Diagnostic Trouble Code Procedure

Note: Prior to beginning this procedure, inspect the harness connectors that are involved in this circuit. Poor connections can often be the cause of a problem in an electrical circuit. Verify that all connections in the circuit are clean, secure, and in good condition. If a problem with a connection is found, correct the problem and verify that the diagnostic code is active before performing a troubleshooting procedure. For sensors powered via the fuse panel, check the condition of the appropriate fuse before beginning the troubleshooting procedure.

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Table 3
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Identify Active FMI Code Associated With Solenoid Circuit	Code present.	FMI 3 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 2. FMI 5 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 3. FMI 6 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 5. FMI 11 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 9. FMI 13 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 11.
Begin Process For FMI 3 Troubleshooting HERE
2. Check The Machine Harness For A Short A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the harness connection at solenoid. C. If the solenoid is connected to ECM, disconnect J1 and J2 connectors from ECM. If the solenoid is connected to the switch panel, disconnect all switch panel connectors. D. Measure the resistance of solenoid signal contact to all J1 and J2 connectors, if the solenoid is wired directly to the ECM. If the solenoid is wired directly to the switch panel, measure resistance of solenoid contact to all switch panel connectors.	Each reading is greater than 5K ohms.	OK - All resistance readings are greater than 5K ohms. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - One or more readings are less than 5 ohms. Repair: A short exists between the signal contact and the circuit with the low resistance. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 ohms but less than 5K ohms would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K ohms would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to Test Step 12.
Begin Process For FMI 5 Troubleshooting HERE
3. Check The Solenoid. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the solenoid from the machine harness. C. Place a jumper wire between contact 1 and contact 2, at the harness connector for the solenoid. D. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. Do not start the engine. E. As the jumper is removed and connected to the contacts, observe any code change.	The code changes to FMI 6 after the jumper wire is installed.	OK - The circuit is correct. The solenoid has failed. Repair: Replace the solenoid. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - The diagnostic code remains active. Proceed to Test Step 4.
4. Check The Machine Harness For An Open. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the harness connectors from the ECM (or switch panel). C. The jumper wire remains installed. D. At the machine harness connector for the ECM, measure the resistance at the ECM contacts for the solenoid.	Each reading is less than 5 ohms.	OK - The reading is less than 5 ohms the harness is correct. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - The reading is greater than 5K ohms. The circuit is open in the machine harness. Repair : The open is in the wire for the solenoid signal or the return wire for the solenoid. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 ohms but less than 5K ohms would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K ohms would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to Test Step 12.
Begin Process For FMI 6 Troubleshooting HERE
5. Check The Solenoid A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the solenoid from the machine harness. C. Place a jumper wire between contact 1 and contact 2, at the harness connector. D. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. Do not start the engine. E. As the jumper is removed and connected to the contacts, observe any code change.	The FMI 6 diagnostic code changes to an FMI 5 diagnostic code after the jumper wire is installed.	OK - The circuit is correct. The solenoid has failed. Repair: Repeat the jumper wire test. Verify the solenoid failure. Replace the solenoid. Note: After the solenoid is replaced, confirm that the diagnostic code is no longer active. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - The diagnostic code remains active. Proceed to Test Step 6.
6. Check Machine Harness For A Short To Ground A. The machine harness remains disconnected from the solenoid. B. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. C. Disconnect the harness connectors from the ECM (or switch panel). D. At the harness connector for ECM, measure the resistance between the solenoid signal contact and all ground contacts.	Each reading is greater than 5K ohms.	OK - Machine harness correct. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - One or more of the resistance measurements are less than 5 ohms. A short circuit exists in the machine harness. Repair: A short circuit exists between the wire for the signal wire of the solenoid and the circuit with the low resistance. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 ohms but less than 5K ohms would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K ohms would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to Test Step 12.
Begin Process For FMI 7 Troubleshooting HERE
7. Check The Pressure At The Park Brake Solenoid. A. Use Cat ET to monitor the park brake pressure circuit. B. Make sure that the transmission is set to NEUTRAL and start the engine. C. Maintain pressure on the primary brake. D. Press the Park Brake switch to shutoff the Park Brake.	The park brake is released within the 10 second interval. The system pressure has exceeded 1918 kPa (278 psi).	OK - The Park Brake is disengaged within 10 seconds of pressing the switch. Proceed to Test Step 8. NOT OK - The Park Brake solenoid does not disengage the park brake within the 10 second interval. The ECM did not detect a pressure greater than 1918 kPa (278 psi), to disengage the park brake. Repair - Most likely, the hydraulic system is blocked and not allowing the required pressure to pass to the park brake. A mechanical problem can also create faults within the park brake system. At ambient temperatures of −32° C (−25° F) or below, the viscosity of the oil potentially impacts the hydraulic system, reducing the maximum pressure of the system. Proceed to Test Step 12.
8. Check For Diagnostic Codes Related To Pressure Sensors. A. Check for diagnostic codes of pressure sensors that provide input to the ECM for controlling this specific solenoid.	The pressure sensors associated with specific solenoid are working properly.	OK - There are NO related diagnostic codes that are associated with failures of the specified pressure sensors. Repair - If no failure is identified, replace the ECM. Prior to replacing an ECM contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. If the Transmission ECM must be replaced see Troubleshooting , "ECM - Replace". NOT OK - There are related diagnostic codes that are related to failures of pressure sensors. Exit this procedure and perform the diagnostic procedures for the diagnostic codes that are listed. Proceed to Test Step 12.
Begin Process For FMI 11 Troubleshooting HERE
9. Check The Solenoid. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the solenoid from the machine harness. C. Place a jumper wire between contact 1 and contact 2, at the harness connector for the solenoid. D. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. Do not start the engine. E. As the jumper is removed and connected to the contacts, observe any code change.	The code changes to FMI 6 after the jumper wire is installed.	OK - The circuit is correct. The solenoid has failed. Repair: Replace the solenoid. After replacement of the solenoid, confirm the diagnostic code is not active. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - The diagnostic code remains active. Proceed to Test Step 10.
10. Check The Machine Harness For An Open. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the harness connectors from the ECM (or switch panel). C. The jumper wire remains installed. D. At the machine harness connector for the ECM, measure the resistance at the ECM contacts for the solenoid.	Each reading is less than 5 ohms.	OK - The reading is less than 5 ohms the harness is correct. Proceed to Test Step 12. NOT OK - The reading is greater than 5K ohms. The circuit is open in the machine harness. Repair : The open is in the wire for the solenoid signal or the return wire for the solenoid. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 ohms but less than 5K ohms would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K ohms would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to Test Step 12.
Begin Process For FMI 13 Troubleshooting HERE
11. Check the Calibration A. Perform the calibration procedure for the solenoid. Refer toSystems Operation & Testing and Adjusting, UENR3110, "Calibrations (Cat ET". B. Observe the status of the code.	The code is not active.	OK - FMI 13 is not active. The calibration corrected the condition that caused the diagnostic code Repair: Resume normal operation STOP NOT OK - The FMI 13 diagnostic code is active. The diagnostic code has not been corrected. Verify that the correct software has been flashed into the ECM, or that the correct ECM is installed on the machine. Then repeat the calibration Repair: If the diagnostic code is still active and the cause of the diagnostic code is not found, the ECM may have failed. ECM failure is unlikely. Verify that the solenoid and associated circuits are correct. Prior to replacing an ECM, always contact your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. If the ECM requires replacement, refer to Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace" STOP
12. Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. B. Clear all diagnostic codes. C. Operate the machine. D. Check if diagnostic code for the solenoid is active.	Code for solenoid is no longer present.	OK - The diagnostic code does not exist at this time. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by poor electrical connection or short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. If the diagnostic code has not been corrected after performing the procedure a second time, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communication at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. Refer to Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace" if the ECM needs to be replaced. STOP