950M and 962M Wheel Loaders Caterpillar

Sensor Signal (PWM) - Test

Usage:

962M EJB

Implement ECM

The following is a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that are associated with the PWM sensor circuits of the machine.

Show/hide table

Table 1
Implement ECM (MID 82)
DTC	Code Description	System Response
350-3	Lift Linkage Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The float function will not work properly. The lift and tilt kickout function will not work properly. Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%.
350-4	Lift Linkage Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The float function will not work properly. The lift and tilt kickout function will not work properly. Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is less than 7.5%.
350-8	Lift Linkage Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The float function will not work properly. The lift and tilt kickout function will not work properly. Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed. This code is triggered when the frequency is less than 400 Hz or greater than 600 Hz.
350-13	Lift Linkage Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed.
351-3	Tilt Linkage Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The tilt kickout function will not work properly. Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%.
351-4	Tilt Linkage Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The tilt kickout function will not work properly. Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is less than 7.5%.
351-8	Tilt Linkage Position Sensor : Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The tilt kickout function will not work properly. Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed. This code is triggered when the frequency is less than 400 Hz or greater than 600 Hz.
351-13	Tilt Linkage Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	Snubbing features will not work properly. Some implement functions may operate at a reduced speed.
352-3	Lift Lever Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	All lift functions will be inoperable. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%.
352-4	Lift Lever Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	All lift functions will be inoperable. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is less than 7.5%.
352-8	Lift Lever Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	All lift functions will be inoperable or intermittent. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the frequency is less than 400 Hz or greater than 600 Hz.
352-13	Lift Lever Sensor: Out of Calibration	Lift Kickouts will not work properly. Float function will not work properly.
353-3	Tilt Lever Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	All tilt functions will be inoperable. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%.
353-4	Tilt Lever Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	All tilt functions will be inoperable. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is less than 7.5%.
353-8	Tilt Lever Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	All tilt functions will be inoperable or intermittent. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the frequency is less than 400 Hz or greater than 600 Hz.
353-13	Tilt Lever Sensor: Out of Calibration	Tilt kickouts will not work properly.
364-2	Lift Cylinder Head End Pressure Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Machine will not respond to lift commands.
364-3	Lift Cylinder Head End Pressure Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	Machine will not respond to lift commands.
364-4	Lift Cylinder Head End Pressure Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	Machine will not respond to lift commands.
364-8	Lift Cylinder Head End Pressure Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Machine will not respond to lift commands.
364-13	Lift Cylinder Head End Pressure Sensor: Out of Calibration	Machine will not respond to lift commands.
487-3	Third Level Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The work tool assigned to the lever will not work properly. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%.
487-4	Third Lever Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The work tool assigned to the lever will not work properly. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is less than 7.5%.
487-8	Third Lever Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The work tool assigned to the lever will not work properly. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered. This code is triggered when the frequency is less than 400 Hz or greater than 600 Hz.
487-13	Third Lever Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	Implement features will not operate. The machine must be restarted in order to allow the auxiliary function to operate.
769-2	Lift Cylinder Rod End Pressure Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	The Cat Production Measurement feature is disabled.
769-3	Lift Cylinder Rod End Pressure Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The Cat Production Measurement feature is disabled.
769-4	Lift Cylinder Rod End Pressure Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The Cat Production Measurement feature is disabled.
769-8	Lift Cylinder Rod End Pressure Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The Cat Production Measurement feature is disabled.
769-13	Lift Cylinder Rod End Pressure Sensor: Out of Calibration	The Cat Production Measurement feature is disabled.
1471-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal from the number one sensor is erratic or intermittent. The number 1 sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM. The sensor is also connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection.
1471-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Voltage Above Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number one sensor is above normal. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8 V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1471-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Voltage Below Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number one sensor is below normal. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8 V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1471-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is associated with the left-hand steering lever position sensor 1. The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM. The sensor is also connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1471-14	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Special Instruction	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The ECM expects the input signals from all three sensors to match closely. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the following occurs: ECM determines that the PWM input signal from the number one steering position sensor does not match the signal from the other sensors. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the Transmission ECM and the Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The ECM will activate this diagnostic code when the input signal from the number two sensor is erratic or intermittent. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Voltage Above Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number two sensor is above normal. The number2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Voltage Below Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control lever. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number two sensor is below normal. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The illustration above indicates the power and ground connections for the number two sensor. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the ECM. This diagnostic code is associated with the left-hand steering lever position sensor 2. The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-14	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Special Instruction	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The ECM expects the input signals from all three sensors to match closely. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the following occurs: The ECM determines that the PWM input signal from the number two steering position sensor does not match the PWM signal from the other sensors. The signal from the first sensor matches the signal from the third sensor of the steering position. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal from the number three sensor is erratic or intermittent. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Voltage Above Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number three sensor is above normal. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Voltage Below Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number three sensor is below normal. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is associated with the steering position sensor 3. The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-14	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Special Instruction	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the following occurs: ECM determines that the PWM input signal from the number three steering position sensor does not match the PWM signal from the other sensors. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
2200-2	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor embedded in the left steering cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 2 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal that is erratic, intermittent, or incorrect from the sensor. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-3	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 3 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is above normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-4	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) Sensor. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 4 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is below normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-8	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal of abnormal frequency or abnormal pulse width. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-14	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Special Instruction	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal of abnormal frequency or abnormal pulse width. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-2	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 2 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal that is erratic, intermittent, or incorrect from the sensor. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-3	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 3 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is above normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter. diagnostic code three is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is above normal.
2201-4	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 4 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is below normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-8	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal of abnormal frequency or abnormal pulse width. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-14	Right Steering Cylinder Sensor: Special Instruction	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects a sensor that is not responding. Also, no external conditions that are causing this problem are detected. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter. A DTC 2200-14 will typically be active when this code is active. This indicates the left and right cylinder sensors have detected a mismatch in their relative positions. The relationship of the machine joystick and the steering angle will drift with time when the DTC 2200-14 and the DTC 2201-14 codes are active.
2285-3	Right Joystick Right Thumbwheel Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Fourth Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor is located in the right joystick. The Implement ECM will activate an FMI 3 diagnostic code when the duty cycle is greater than 93%. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. The position sensor sends a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. The variations in the duty cycle of the signal follow: Full Forward 85% to 93%. Centered 45% to 55%. Full Rearward 7% to 14%.
2285-4	Right Joystick Right Thumbwheel Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Fourth Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor is located in the right joystick. The ECM will activate an FMI 4 diagnostic code for a specific lever when the duty cycle is less than 7%. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. The position sensor sends a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. The variations in the duty cycle of the signal follow: Full Forward 85% to 93%. Centered 45% to 55%. Full Rearward 7% to 14%.
2285-8	Right Joystick Right Thumbwheel Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Fourth Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor is located in the right joystick. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when a frequency or signal pulse width is detected that is not within the expected range. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. The position sensor sends a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. The variations in the duty cycle of the signal follow: Full Forward 85% to 93%. Centered 45% to 55%. Full Rearward 7% to 14%.
2285-13	Right Joystick Right Thumbwheel Sensor: Out of Calibration	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Fourth Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. If the duty cycle is outside calibration by ± 6%, but is still within acceptable range, an FMI 13 diagnostic code will be activated.
2286-3	Right Joystick Left Thumbwheel Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Third Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor is located in the right joystick. The Implement ECM will activate an FMI 3 diagnostic code when the duty cycle is greater than 93%. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. The position sensor sends a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. The variations in the duty cycle of the signal follow: Full Forward 85% to 93%. Centered 45% to 55%. Full Rearward 7% to 14%.
2286-4	Right Joystick Left Thumbwheel Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Third Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor is located in the right joystick. The ECM will activate an FMI 4 diagnostic code for a specific lever when the duty cycle is less than 7%. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. The position sensor sends a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. The variations in the duty cycle of the signal follow: Full Forward 85% to 93%. Centered 45% to 55%. Full Rearward 7% to 14%.
2286-8	Right Joystick Left Thumbwheel Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Third Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor is located in the right joystick. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when a frequency or signal pulse width is detected that is not within the expected range. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. The position sensor sends a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. The variations in the duty cycle of the signal follow: Full Forward 85% to 93%. Centered 45% to 55%. Full Rearward 7% to 14%.
2286-13	Right Joystick Left Thumbwheel Sensor: Out of Calibration	This diagnostic code is associated with the Auxiliary Third Function (Thumbroller) Position Sensor. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM. If the duty cycle is outside calibration by ± 6%, but is still within acceptable range, an FMI 13 diagnostic code will be activated.
2475-3	Right Joystick Forward/Reverse Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the Right Joystick Forward Reverse Position Sensor. The ECM reads the input signal and the voltage of the signal is above normal. The sensor is located in the right joystick. The Right Joystick Forward Reverse Position Sensor receives power from the 10V power supply of the Implement ECM. The sensor is internally connected to the ground from the 10V sensor return for the Implement ECM. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered.
2477-3	Right Joystick Left/Right Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the Right Joystick Left Right Position Sensor. The ECM reads the input signal and the voltage of the signal is above normal. The sensor is located in the right joystick. The Right Joystick Left Right Position Sensor receives power from the 10V power supply of the Implement ECM. The sensor is internally connected to the ground from the 10V sensor return for the Implement ECM. This code is triggered when the duty cycle is greater than 92.5%. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered.
2866-3	Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The FMI 3 indicates that the ECM has detected that the duty cycle of the Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor circuit is above the high threshold. OPERATIONAL INFORMATION: During machine operation, the Implement ECM sends a PWM command signal that ranges between 10 percent and 90 percent to the electronics in the Steering and Transmission Control (Left Steering Joystick) base. The internal electronics in the base of the joystick interpret the duty cycle of the command circuit and supply a corresponding amount of current to the torque feedback motor. The internal electronics in the base of the joystick also supply a PWM torque feedback signal to the Implement ECM. The acceptable duty cycle range of the feedback circuit is also 10 percent to 90 percent. During normal operation, the PWM duty cycle of the feedback circuit is expected to be close to the duty cycle of the command circuit. The ECM uses the Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor duty cycle signal to verify that the correct amount of current is being supplied to the torque motor. During normal operation when no diagnostic codes for the steering joystick are active and the joystick is stationary, the PWM duty cycles of the torque command signal and the torque sensor circuit will be approximately 50 percent duty cycle, however, the torque sensor feedback duty cycle can differ from the command circuit duty cycle by 25 percent. If the signals differ by more than 25 percent, the ECM will activate a CID 2866 FMI 14 diagnostic code. The PWM torque command signal from the ECM and the PWM torque sensor feedback signal to the ECM are difficult to measure. When a torque motor diagnostic code is active, the torque motor will be disabled and the duty cycles cannot be measured. The torque motor will also be disabled if all 3 of the joystick position sensor are faulted (Diagnostic Codes: 1471, 1472 and 1473). To measure the signals during normal operation, insert spoon type probes spoon into the appropriate circuit and the ground circuit. When the primary steering is enabled, the duty cycles of both circuits should be in the 10 percent to 90 percent range. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered.
2866-4	Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The FMI 4 indicates that the ECM has detected that the duty cycle (voltage) of the Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor circuit is below the low voltage threshold. NOTE - See "Operational Information" from DTC 2866-3. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered.
2866-8	Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The FMI 8 indicates that the ECM has detected that the PWM duty cycle of the Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor circuit has an abnormal frequency or pulse width. NOTE - See "Operational Information" from DTC 2866-3. The function will be disabled until the diagnostic code is cleared. The lever position sensor must be centered.
2866-14	Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor: Special Instruction	The FMI 14 indicates that the ECM has detected that the PWM duty cycle of the Steering Control Force Feedback Motor Torque Sensor circuit is in the acceptable range. However, the duty cycle of the feedback circuit differs from the Torque Command PWM signal circuit by more than 25 percent. NOTE - See "Operational Information" from DTC 2866-3.
3082-12	Steering Control Force Feedback Motor: Bad Component	A physical component of the Steering Control Feedback subsystem has been damaged. Inspection recommended. The power supply to the joystick has been interrupted.
3652-3	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The sensor signal wire is shorted to a power supply circuit. The signal output will be consistently high.
3652-4	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The sensor signal wire is shorted to a ground circuit. The signal output will be consistently low.
3652-8	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The signal circuit is erratic which is an indication of a loose connection or corrosion at a connector location.
3652-14	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Special Instruction	The steering sensors are mismatched but in the proper operating range. Inspect both sensors for out of specification issues and replace the faulted sensor or both sensors.
3653-3	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The sensor signal wire is shorted to a power supply circuit. The signal output will be consistently high.
3653-4	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The sensor signal wire is shorted to a ground circuit. The signal output will be consistently low.
3653-8	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The signal circuit is erratic which is an indication of a loose connection or corrosion at a connector location.
3653-14	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Special Instruction	The steering sensors are mismatched but in the proper operating range. Inspect both sensors for out of specification issues and replace the faulted sensor or both sensors.
3654-2	Implement Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	This diagnostic code is recorded when the Implement ECM determines that the signal from the Implement Pump Discharge Pressure Sensor is incorrect.
3654-3	Implement Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The FMI 3 is recorded when the Implement ECM reads the signal from the pressure sensor and the voltage is above normal. The Implement Pump Discharge Pressure Sensor provides a PWM output signal in the range of 5% to 95% to the Implement ECM. The duty cycle of the PWM signal corresponds to the monitored pump pressure.
3654-4	Implement Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The FMI 4 is recorded when the Implement ECM reads the signal from the pressure sensor and the voltage is below normal.
3654-8	Implement Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The Implement Pump Discharge Pressure Sensor provides a PWM output signal in the range of 5% to 95% to the Implement ECM. The duty cycle of the PWM signal corresponds to the monitored pump pressure. If the ECM detects the frequency is less than 400 Hz or greater than 600 Hz, an FMI 8 code will be activated.
3654-13	Implement Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Out of Calibration	This diagnostic code is recorded when the Implement ECM determines that the Implement Pump Discharge Pressure Sensor requires calibration. This diagnostic code will only appear when the Implement ECM has been replaced or new software has been flashed into the Implement ECM.

Possible causes for an FMI 0 Diagnostic code are:

Mechanical devices are broken or loose.
The cylinder has an internal mechanical problem.
The articulation angle has exceeded the software limits.
The sensor has failed.
The ECM has failed. This condition is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 1 Diagnostic code are:

Mechanical devices are broken or loose.
The sensor has failed.
Connections are in good condition.

Possible causes for an FMI 2 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor has failed.
Intermittent connections or poor connections exist in the sensor circuit.
The signal circuit is shorted to another circuit in the machine harness.
The Implement ECM has failed. This condition is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 3 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor supply or the ground circuit in the machine harness is open.
The signal circuit in the machine harness is shorted to the +battery.
The signal circuit in the machine harness is open or the sensor is disconnected.
The sensor has failed.
The Implement ECM has failed. An ECM failure unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 4 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor has failed.
The signal circuit in the machine harness is shorted to ground.
The Implement ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 8 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor has failed.
Intermittent connections or poor connections.

Possible causes for an FMI 12 Diagnostic code are:

The component has failed.
There is a failure on the data link.
There are one or more controls with mismatched software.
An ECM has failed. Normally, the least likely cause of a problem.

Possible causes for an FMI 13 Diagnostic code are:

The ECM detects the signal from the sensor as being out of calibration.

Possible causes for an FMI 14 Diagnostic code are:

Mechanical devices are broken or loose.
The sensor has failed.
The ECM has failed. This condition is unlikely.

Show/hide table




Illustration 1	g03646150
Schematic of the PWM sensor circuits

Note: The diagram above is a simplified schematic of the connections for the PWM circuits. The schematic is electrically correct. However, not all of the possible harness connectors are shown. Refer to the latest revision of the Electrical Schematic, UENR3117 for the complete schematic.

Transmission ECM

The following is a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that are associated with the PWM sensor circuits of the machine.

Show/hide table

Table 2
Transmission ECM (MID 81)
DTC	Code Description	System Response
737-3	Neutralizer Pedal Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	Transmission ECM no longer activates the Integrated Braking System nor the Neutralizer.
737-4	Neutralizer Pedal Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	Transmission ECM no longer activates the Integrated Braking System nor the Neutralizer.
737-8	Neutralizer Pedal Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Transmission ECM no longer activates the Integrated Braking System nor the Neutralizer.
737-13	Neutralizer Pedal Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	Transmission ECM no longer activates the Integrated Braking System nor the Neutralizer.
1471-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal from the number one sensor is erratic or intermittent. The number 1 sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM. The sensor is also connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection.
1471-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Voltage Above Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number one sensor is above normal. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8 V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1471-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Voltage Below Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number one sensor is below normal. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8 V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1471-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is associated with the left-hand steering lever position sensor 1. The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM. The sensor is also connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1471-14	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Special Instruction	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The ECM expects the input signals from all three sensors to match closely. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the following occurs: ECM determines that the PWM input signal from the number one steering position sensor does not match the signal from the other sensors. The number 1 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number one sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the Transmission ECM and the Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The ECM will activate this diagnostic code when the input signal from the number two sensor is erratic or intermittent. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Voltage Above Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number two sensor is above normal. The number2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Voltage Below Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control lever. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number two sensor is below normal. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The illustration above indicates the power and ground connections for the number two sensor. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the ECM. This diagnostic code is associated with the left-hand steering lever position sensor 2. The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1472-14	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Special Instruction	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The ECM expects the input signals from all three sensors to match closely. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the following occurs: The ECM determines that the PWM input signal from the number two steering position sensor does not match the PWM signal from the other sensors. The signal from the first sensor matches the signal from the third sensor of the steering position. The number 2 sensor for the steering position receives power from the 8V power supply of the Implement ECM. The number two sensor is internally connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission ECM and Implement ECM. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal from the number three sensor is erratic or intermittent. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Voltage Above Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number three sensor is above normal. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Voltage Below Normal	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is activated when the input signal voltage from the number three sensor is below normal. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. This diagnostic code is associated with the steering position sensor 3. The FMI 8 means that the ECM has determined that the signal frequency or the signal pulse width is not within the expected range. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose the 8V power supply or both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
1473-14	Steering Control Position Sensor #3: Special Instruction	Three sensors for the steering position are required for correct operation of the steering control. The sensors are located in the left joystick. Each sensor provides an input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the following occurs: ECM determines that the PWM input signal from the number three steering position sensor does not match the PWM signal from the other sensors. The number 3 sensor receives power from the 8V power supply on the Transmission ECM and is connected to the ground that is supplied by the 8V sensor return of the Transmission and Implement ECMs. The sensor must lose both grounds in order to lose a ground connection. The position sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 500 ± 100 Hz. When the joystick is at the FULL LEFT position, the duty cycle will be 10 ± 5%. When the joystick is at the FULL RIGHT position, the duty cycle will be 90 ± 5%.
2199-3	Secondary Steering Request Signal Line: Voltage Above Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will illuminate in red. If this DTC is active, the Secondary Solenoids will be active. A Level 3 Alarm will be sounding. See Table 3.
2199-4	Secondary Steering Request Signal Line: Voltage Below Normal	The Secondary Steering icon will illuminate in red. If this DTC is active, the Secondary Solenoids will be active. A Level 3 Alarm will be sounding. See Table 3.
2199-8	Secondary Steering Request Signal Line: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The Secondary Steering icon will illuminate in red. If this DTC is active, the Secondary Solenoids will be active. A Level 3 Alarm will be sounding. See Table 3.
2200-2	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor embedded in the left steering cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 2 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal that is erratic, intermittent, or incorrect from the sensor. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-3	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 3 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is above normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-4	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) Sensor. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 4 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is below normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-8	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal of abnormal frequency or abnormal pulse width. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2200-14	Left Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Special Instruction	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor that is embedded in the Left Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 14 code is activated when the ECM detects a sensor that is not responding and no external conditions causing this problem are detected. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-2	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 2 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal that is erratic, intermittent, or incorrect from the sensor. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-3	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 3 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is above normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter. diagnostic code three is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is above normal.
2201-4	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 4 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM reads the input signal from the sensor and the voltage is below normal. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-8	Right Steering Cylinder Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 8 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects an input signal of abnormal frequency or abnormal pulse width. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2201-14	Right Steering Cylinder Sensor: Special Instruction	This diagnostic code is associated with the position sensor for the Right Steering (Articulation) cylinder. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the Implement ECM and to the Transmission ECM. The FMI 14 diagnostic code is activated when the ECM detects a sensor that is not responding. Also, no external conditions that are causing this problem are detected. The sensor is a PWM sensor that operates at a frequency of approximately 250 ± 50 Hz. The duty cycle of the PWM signal that is supplied to the ECM is measured in small increments. The changes in the duty cycle of the sensor cannot be measured with a digital multimeter.
2500-3	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	Transmission ECM holds present gear the first time this DTC is active. Transmission ECM ignores the Transmission Gear Lever selector thereafter.
2500-4	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	Transmission ECM holds present gear the first time this DTC is active. Transmission ECM ignores the Transmission Gear Lever selector thereafter.
2500-8	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Transmission ECM holds present gear the first time this DTC is active. Transmission ECM ignores the Transmission Gear Lever selector thereafter.
2795-3	Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	If this Diagnostic Code is active, the engine will not respond to operator requests from the accelerator pedal.
2795-4	Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	If this Diagnostic Code is active, the engine will not respond to operator requests from the accelerator pedal.
2795-8	Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	If this Diagnostic Code is active, the engine will not respond to operator requests from the accelerator pedal.
2795-4	Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	If this Diagnostic Code is active, the software will default to the Brake Charge Pressure Sensor #1.
2795-8	Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	If this Diagnostic Code is active, the software will default to the Brake Charge Pressure Sensor #1.
2988-8	Brake Charge Pressure Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	If this Diagnostic Code is active, the software will default to the Brake Charge Pressure Sensor #1.
3375-3	Direction Selector #1 Position Sensor #1: Voltage Above Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3375 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3375 and DTC 3376 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3375-4	Direction Selector #1 Position Sensor #1: Voltage Below Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3375 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3375 and DTC 3376 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3375-8	Direction Selector #1 Position Sensor #1 : Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3375 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3375 and DTC 3376 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3376-3	Direction Selector #1 Position Sensor #2: Voltage Above Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3376 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3375 and DTC 3376 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3376-4	Direction Selector #1 Position Sensor #2: Voltage Below Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3376 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3375 and DTC 3376 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3376-8	Direction Selector #1 Position Sensor #2 : Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3376 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3375 and DTC 3376 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3377-3	Direction Selector #2 Position Sensor #1: Voltage Above Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3377 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3377 and DTC 3378 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3377-4	Direction Selector #2 Position Sensor #1: Voltage Below Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3377 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3377 and DTC 3378 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3377-8	Direction Selector #2 Position Sensor #1 : Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3377 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3377 and DTC 3378 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3378-3	Direction Selector #2 Position Sensor #2: Voltage Above Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3378 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3377 and DTC 3378 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3378-4	Direction Selector #2 Position Sensor #2: Voltage Below Normal	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3378 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3377 and DTC 3378 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3378-8	Direction Selector #2 Position Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Transmission ECM operates normally when DTC 3378 is active by itself. Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time both DTC 3377 and DTC 3378 are active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3415-12	Direction Selector #1: Bad Device or Component	Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time this DTC is active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.
3416-12	Direction Selector #2: Bad Device or Component	Transmission ECM shifts to neutral the first time this DTC is active. Transmission ECM ignores the direction selector thereafter.

Show/hide table

Table 3
Secondary Steering Request Signal Line (CID 2199) PWM Operating Ranges
Secondary Steering Request Signal	10-30% - Normal operation, no request to activate.
	30-50% - Request to activate the secondary steering pump motor only.
	50-70% - Request to activate the secondary steering pilot solenoid valves only.
	70-90% - Request to activate the secondary steering pump and the secondary steering pilot solenoid valves.

Possible causes for an FMI 3 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor supply or the ground circuit in the machine harness is open.
The signal circuit in the machine harness is shorted to the +battery.
The signal circuit in the machine harness is open or the sensor is disconnected.
The sensor has failed.
The Transmission ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 4 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor has failed.
The signal circuit in the machine harness is shorted to ground.
The Transmission ECM has failed. An ECM failure is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 8 Diagnostic code are:

The sensor has failed.
Intermittent connections or poor connections.

Possible causes for an FMI 12 Diagnostic code are:

The component has failed.
There is a failure on the data link.
There are one or more controls with mismatched software.
An ECM has failed. Normally, the least likely cause of a problem.

Possible causes for an FMI 13 Diagnostic code are:

The ECM detects the signal from the sensor as being out of calibration.

Show/hide table




Illustration 2	g03646157
Schematic of the PWM sensor circuits

Diagnostic Trouble Code Procedure

Note: Prior to beginning this procedure, inspect the harness connectors that are involved in this circuit. Poor connections can often be the cause of a problem in an electrical circuit. Verify that all connections in the circuit are clean, secure, and in good condition. If a problem with a connection is found, correct the problem and verify that the diagnostic code is active before performing a troubleshooting procedure. For sensors powered via the fuse panel, check the condition of the appropriate fuse before beginning the troubleshooting procedure.

Show/hide table

Table 4
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Identify The Active FMI Code Associated With The Sensor Circuit	Code present.	FMI 0 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 2. FMI 1 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 7. FMI 2 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 12. FMI 3 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 18. FMI 4 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 24. FMI 8 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 27. FMI 12 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 34. FMI 13 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 36. FMI 14 diagnostic code, proceed to Test Step 39.
Begin Process For FMI 0 Troubleshooting HERE
2. Check Sensor Adjustment A. Check the mounting hardware or mechanical connections for the position sensor. Verify that all mechanical connections and adjustments for the steering cylinder or lift arm are in good condition. Confirm that none of the mechanical connections are loose. If the hardware shows any sign of damage, the hardware should be replaced. B. Ensure that the diagnostic code is active. C. Observe the ON/OFF status of the diagnostic code indicator as the lift arm or steering cylinder is extended and retracted.	All mechanical connections for the steering cylinder or lift arms are in good condition and no mechanical connections are loose.	OK - All mechanical connections for the steering cylinder or lift arm are correct. Proceed to Test Step 3 for DTC related to the Steering Cylinder Position Sensor. Proceed to Test Step 4 for DTC related to the Lift Arm Sensor. NOT OK - All mechanical connections for the steering cylinder or lift arms are not correct. Repair: Perform the maintenance that is required in order to correct the problem with the mechanical connections. After the problem has been corrected, verify that this diagnostic code is still active before proceeding with this procedure. STOP
3. Check The Sensor A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. Observe the status of the active diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor. C. Disconnect the machine harness connector from the suspect steering cylinder position sensor and disconnect the machine harness connector from the operating steering cylinder position sensor. Mark the harness connector for the suspect steering sensor. D. Connect the marked connector for the suspect steering sensor to the operating steering sensor connector. Connect the unmarked connector for the operating steering sensor to the suspect steering sensor connector. E. Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch to the ON position. Do not start the engine.	When the harness connectors are switched, the diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor is not active. A diagnostic code for the operating steering sensor is now active.	OK - The diagnostic code is now active for the position sensor that was working correctly earlier. The faulty sensor initially identified by the ECM is the cause of the problem. Replace this sensor. Repair: For removal of the position sensor from the steering cylinder, refer to Disassembly and Assembly, UENR3108, "Steering Cylinder - Remove and Install". After sensor replacement, the new position sensor parameters MUST be entered in Cat ET before the machine can be operated. Refer to the Testing and Adjusting, UENR3110, "Position Sensor (Steering Cylinder) - Set" procedure. STOP NOT OK - The status of the diagnostic code did not change when the sensor connectors were switched. The initial diagnostic code is still active. The sensor does not appear to be causing the problem. It is unlikely that a harness condition is causing this code to be activated. ENSURE THAT THE MACHINE HARNESS CONNECTORS ARE CONNECTED TO THE CORRECT POSITION SENSOR. THE MARKED HARNESS CONNECTOR IS CONNECTED TO THE RIGHT STEERING SENSOR. THE UNMARKED HARNESS CONNECTOR IS CONNECTED TO THE LEFT STEERING SENSOR. Proceed to Test Step 37.
4. Check The Duty Cycle A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. Install a 9U-7330 Digital Multimeter with a 7X-1710 to the connector for the ECM. Connect the multimeter to contacts to the signal and return wire on the ECM. C. Start the engine. Manipulate the control associated with the sensor. Record the duty cycle.	The duty cycle is between 10% and 90% (or the range specified in the code description).	OK - The duty cycle is correct. Proceed to Test Step 5. NOT OK - The duty cycle is not correct. Repair: Ensure that the position sensor is moving with the associated device. Proceed to Test Step 6.
5. Recalibrate The Position Sensor A. Connect the Cat Electronic Technician (Cat ET) to the machine. B. Run the program for calibrating the involved position sensor. C. Check for an active diagnostic code.	Calibration successful.	OK - The diagnostic code is inactive. The calibration has repaired the machine. STOP NOT OK- The diagnostic code is still active. Proceed to Test Step 6.
6. Replace The Sensor And Re-Calibrate The Sensor. A. The diagnostic code may be caused by a failed sensor. B. Replace the sensor and recalibrate the sensor. See Testing and Adjusting, UENR0376, "Position Sensor for the Lift Linkage (Electronic Technician) - Calibrate" and Testing and Adjusting, UENR0376, "Position Sensor for the Tilt Linkage (Electronic Technician) - Calibrate" C. Recheck the diagnostic code. Observe the ON/OFF status of the diagnostic code indicator as the lift linkage position sensor is moved through all positions.	Calibration successful.	OK - The new sensor corrected the diagnostic code. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic code is still active. Repair: The diagnostic code remains active. ECM failure is unlikely. Perform the Calibration for the Lift Linkage Position Sensor again. Also verify if the diagnostic code indicator is active for this diagnostic code. If the cause is not found, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communication at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. See Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace".
Begin Process For FMI 1 Troubleshooting HERE
7. Check Adjustment/Mechanical Connections Of Sensor A. Check the mounting hardware for the lift linkage or steering cylinder position sensor. The fasteners should be tight. If the hardware shows any sign of damage, the hardware should be replaced. B. Visually inspect the mechanical connections for the steering cylinder. Verify that all mechanical connections and adjustments for the steering cylinder are in good condition and verify that none of the mechanical connections are loose. C. Ensure that the diagnostic code is active. D. Observe the ON/OFF status of the diagnostic code indicator as the lift arm steering cylinder is fully extended and lowered.	All mechanical connections for the lift or steering cylinder are in good condition and no mechanical connections are loose.	OK - All mechanical connections for the lift or steering cylinder are correct. Proceed to Test Step 8 for the lift linkage sensor. Proceed to Test Step 9 for the steering cylinder position sensor. STOP NOT OK - All mechanical connections for the lift or steering cylinder are not correct. Repair: Perform the maintenance that is required in order to correct the problem with the mechanical connections for the steering cylinder. After the problem has been corrected, verify that this diagnostic code is still active before proceeding with this procedure. STOP
8. Check The Duty Cycle A. Turn the engine start switch to the OFF position. B. Install a 9U-7330 Digital Multimeter with a 7X-1710 to the connector for the ECM. Connect the multimeter to contacts to the signal and return wire on the ECM. C. Start the engine. Manipulate the control associated with the sensor. Record the duty cycle.	The duty cycle is between 10% and 90% (or the range specified in the code description).	OK - The duty cycle is correct. Proceed to Test Step 9. NOT OK - The duty cycle is not correct. Repair: Ensure that the position sensor is moving with the associated device. Proceed to Test Step 10.
9. Check The Sensor A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. Observe the status of the active diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor. C. Disconnect the machine harness connector from the suspect steering cylinder position sensor and disconnect the machine harness connector from the operating steering cylinder position sensor. Mark the harness connector for the suspect steering sensor. D. Connect the marked connector for the suspect steering sensor to the operating steering sensor connector. Connect the unmarked connector for the operating steering sensor to the suspect steering sensor connector. E. Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch to the ON position. Do not start the engine.	When the harness connectors are switched, the diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor is not active. A diagnostic code for the operating steering sensor is now active.	OK - The diagnostic code is now active for the position sensor that was working correctly earlier. The faulty sensor initially identified by the ECM is the cause of the problem. Replace this sensor. Repair: For removal of the position sensor from the steering cylinder, refer to Disassembly and Assembly, UENR3108, "Steering Cylinder - Remove and Install". After sensor replacement, the new position sensor parameters MUST be entered in Cat ET before the machine can be operated. Refer to the Testing and Adjusting, UENR3110, "Position Sensor (Steering Cylinder) - Set" procedure. STOP NOT OK - The status of the diagnostic code did not change when the sensor connectors were switched. The initial diagnostic code is still active. The sensor does not appear to be causing the problem. It is unlikely that a harness condition is causing this code to be activated. ENSURE THAT THE MACHINE HARNESS CONNECTORS ARE CONNECTED TO THE CORRECT POSITION SENSOR. THE MARKED HARNESS CONNECTOR IS CONNECTED TO THE RIGHT STEERING SENSOR. THE UNMARKED HARNESS CONNECTOR IS CONNECTED TO THE LEFT STEERING SENSOR. Proceed to Test Step 37.
10. Re-Calibrate The Position Sensor A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician to the machine. B. Run the program for calibrating the involved position sensor. C. Check for an active diagnostic code.	Calibration successful.	OK - The diagnostic code is inactive. The calibration has repaired the machine. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic code is still active. Proceed to Test Step 11.
11. Replace The Sensor And Re-Calibrate The Sensor. A. The diagnostic code may be caused by a failed sensor. B. Replace the sensor and recalibrate the sensor. See Testing and Adjusting, UENR0376, "Testing and Adjusting, "Position Sensor for the Lift Linkage (Electronic Technician) - Calibrate" and Testing and Adjusting, UENR0376, "Testing and Adjusting, "Position Sensor for the Tilt Linkage (Electronic Technician) - Calibrate". . Recheck the diagnostic code. Observe the ON/OFF status of the diagnostic code indicator as the lift linkage position sensor is fully raised and lowered.	Calibration successful.	OK - The new sensor corrected the diagnostic code. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic code is still active. Repair: The diagnostic code remains active. ECM failure is unlikely. Perform the Calibration for the Lift Linkage Position Sensor again. Also verify if the diagnostic code indicator is active for this diagnostic code. If the cause is not found, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communication at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. See Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace". STOP
Begin Process For FMI 2 Troubleshooting HERE
12. Check The Mechanical Connections. Note: Test Step 10 is only necessary when dealing with the steering cylinder position sensors, for all other sensors proceed to Test Step 11. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. Visually inspect the mechanical connections for the steering cylinder. Verify that all mechanical connections and adjustments for the steering cylinder are in good condition and verify that no mechanical connections are loose.	All mechanical connections for the steering cylinder are in good condition and no mechanical connections are loose	OK - All mechanical connections for the steering cylinder are correct. Proceed to Test Step 13. NOT OK - All mechanical connections for the steering cylinder are not correct. Repair: Perform the maintenance that is required in order to correct the problem with the mechanical connections for the steering cylinder. After the problem has been corrected, verify that this diagnostic code is still active before proceeding with this procedure. STOP
13. Check The Power Supply Circuit Of The Sensor. A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the ON position. B. Do not disconnect the machine harness from the connector. C. At the harness connector for the sensor or steering joystick, insert multimeter probes along the contact of the power supply and along the ground contact wire. D. Measure the DC voltage. E. If the fault code is related to the steering joystick, remove the multimeter probe inserted along the ground 2 contact and insert the probe along ground 1 contact. The other probe remains inserted along the contact of the power supply contact. F. Measure the DC voltage.	Both voltage readings are 8.0 ± 0.4 VDC.	OK - Both voltage measurements are 8.0 ± 0.4 VDC. The power and ground circuits for the sensor are correct. Proceed to Test Step 14. NOT OK - Both voltage measurements are less than 8.0 ± 0.4 VDC. The power supply for the sensor is not correct. Repair: If both voltage measurements are not correct, the problem is most likely in the power circuit of the wire. This condition will cause multiple diagnostic codes to activate. Refer to Electrical Schematic, UENR3117 for the machine. Examine all of the connectors that are in the power and ground circuits. Inspect the connections for connections that are clean, secure, and in good condition. For troubleshooting the ECM power supply that is providing power to the sensor, refer to the CID 41 diagnostic code procedures in the Troubleshooting Section of the manual. NOT OK - When dealing with the steering joystick, one of the voltage measurements is not correct. Repair: If one voltage measurement is correct and the other voltage measurement is not, the problem is in the ground circuit that registered the poor measurement. This condition will not cause this diagnostic code to activate. There is another problem that causes this diagnostic code to activate. However, the ground circuit must be repaired before proceeding with this procedure. Do not operate the machine with only one ground connection for the steering joystick. Repair the faulty ground circuit before proceeding with this procedure. After repairing the faulty ground circuit, proceed to Test Step 14.
14. Check The Signal At The Sensor. A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. The machine harness connector remains connected to the sensor or steering joystick. C. At the machine harness connector for the steering joystick or sensor, use a 151-6320 Removal Tool to remove the signal wire and associated socket from the harness connector. D. At the back of the steering joystick or sensor connector, insert multimeter probes along the sensor signal contact and the ground contact. E. Turn the Key Start Switch and Disconnect Switch to the ON position. Note: For Steering Cylinder Position Sensors follow Test Steps F through J. For all other sensors proceed to Test Step K. F. Disconnect the machine harness connector from each steering cylinder position sensor. Mark the harness connector for the suspect steering sensor. G. Connect the marked connector to the opposite steering sensor and the remaining steering sensor to the opposite connector. H. Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch to the ON position. Do not start the engine. J. Observe the status of the active diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor. K. Measure the duty cycle of the sensor or joystick as the joystick or monitored component are moved through the full range of motion.	Steering Cylinder Position Sensors: When the harness connectors are switched, the diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor is not active. A diagnostic code for the opposite steering sensor is now active. Other Sensors: The duty cycle of the sensor is correct according to the description included in the table at the beginning of this procedure.	Steering Cylinder Position Sensors: OK - The DTC 2200-02 or DTC 2201-02 diagnostic code is no longer active. A diagnostic code for the opposite sensor is now active. The suspect sensor has failed. Note: Before replacing the steering position sensor, reconnect the harness connectors to the correct steering sensor connectors. Repair: Replace the sensor that has been confirmed as faulty. For removal of the position sensor from the steering cylinder, refer to Disassembly and Assembly, UENR3108, "Steering Cylinder - Remove and Install". After sensor replacement, the new position sensor parameters MUST be entered in Cat ET before the machine can be operated. Refer to the Testing and Adjusting, UENR3110, "Position Sensor (Steering Cylinder) - Set" procedure. STOP NOT OK - The status of the diagnostic code did not change when the sensor connectors were switched. There is a problem in the machine harness. Proceed to Test Step 16. All Other Sensors: OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is correct. The sensor is not the cause of the problem. Reinstall the signal wire and the socket back to the original location in the machine harness connector for the sensor. Verify that all the wires of the sensor are in the correct locations. Also, ensure the wires that are secured in the connector before proceeding to the next step. Proceed to Test Step 15. NOT OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is not correct according to the description at the beginning of this procedure. The sensor has failed. Perform this test step again in order to verify that the sensor signal is not correct. If the signal of the joystick sensor or sensor is not correct, replace the sensor. After replacing the component, verify that the operation is correct before operating the machine. STOP
15. Check The Signal At Both Of The Electronic Control Modules. A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. The machine harness connectors remain connected to the ECM. C. At the machine harness connector for the ECM, insert a multimeter probe along return contact for the sensor. (For some sensors this will require spooning into the connection.) D. At the machine harness connector for the ECM, insert a multimeter probe along signal contact for the sensor. (For some sensors this will require spooning into the connection.) E. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the ON position. F. Measure the duty cycle of the sensor at the contacts of the ECM connector while moving the sensor through the full range. (Note: The machine harness connectors remain connected to the ECM during this step.) G. Repeat Test Step 12 for other ECM modules connected to this sensor or joystick.	The duty cycle of the sensor is correct according to the description at the beginning of this procedure at all applicable electronic control modules.	OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is correct at all applicable electronic control modules. The machine harness does not appear to be the cause of the problem. An intermittent open or a short could still be causing the problem. Proceed to Test Step 16. NOT OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is not correct at one of the ECM modules. There is a problem in the machine harness. Repair: If the sensor signal at one ECM is correct and not correct at the other ECM, a poor connection in the circuit would be suspected. Refer to the Electrical Schematic, UENR3117 of the machine. Examine all connectors in the section of the signal circuit that connects to the ECM that is not receiving a good signal. Inspect the harness for contamination or loose connections. Repair the machine harness or replace the machine harness, if necessary. STOP NOT OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is not correct at either ECM. There is a problem in the machine harness. Proceed to Test Step 16.
16. Check The Signal Circuit For A Short. A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. Disconnect the harness connector J1 and J2 from the ECM. C. At the machine harness connector for the ECM, measure the resistance between the sensor signal contact and each of the other J1 and J2 circuits that are used for the ECM. (See schematic above for the pin locations.) D. If any of the resistance measurements in the last step are less than 5000 ohms, skip the next step and proceed to "Expected Results". If all of the resistance measurements in the last test step are above 5000 ohms, perform the next test step. E. Disconnect the harness connector J1 and J2 from the ECM. F. At the machine harness connector for the ECM, measure the resistance between the sensor signal contact and each of the other J1 and J2 circuits that are used for the ECM.	Each resistance is greater than 5000 ohms.	OK - Each resistance is greater than 5000 ohms. The signal circuit of the resistance is not indicating a short in the machine harness. Proceed to Test Step 17. NOT OK - A resistance is less than 5000 ohms. Repair: There is a short in the machine harness. The short is between the signal circuit and the circuit with the low resistance measurement. Refer to the Electrical Schematic, UENR3117 of the machine. Check all of the connectors that are in the sensor circuit. Inspect the condition of the harness and the connectors for clean and secure connections. For information on testing for short circuits and finding short circuits, refer to the Troubleshooting, "Wiring Harness (Short Circuit) - Test" Story in this manual. Repair the machine harness or replace the machine harness. STOP
17. Check The Status Of The Diagnostic Code. A. Visually inspect the harness connectors. B. Clean the contacts of the harness connectors. C. Visually inspect the insulation of the wires for damage that can be caused by excessive heat, battery acid, or chafing. D. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test at the connectors that are used in the sensor circuit. E. Reconnect all harness connectors and verify that the connectors are fully seated and the clips for each connector are fastened. F. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the ON position. G. Determine if the past diagnostic code that was being investigated is still active.	The past diagnostic code that was being investigated is no longer active.	OK - The formerly active diagnostic code is not active. The diagnostic code does not exist at this time. The initial diagnostic code could have been caused by a poor connection or a short at one of the connectors that was disconnected and reconnected. Resume normal operation. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic code that was investigated is active. The diagnostic code has not been corrected. Repair: Perform a Wiggle Test on the sensor circuit in the machine wiring harness using the Cat Electronic Technician (Cat ET) service tool. The Wiggle test can detect momentary shorts, intermittent shorts, or opens in the machine wiring harness. If the cause of the active diagnostic code is not found, an ECM that has activated this diagnostic code may have failed. If multiple ECM modules have activated this diagnostic code, the ECM most likely is not the cause of the problem. Exit this procedure and perform this procedure again. If the cause of the failure is not found, contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may effect repair time. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communication at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. See Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace". STOP
Begin Process For FMI 3 Troubleshooting HERE
18. Check The Control And The Harness A. Turn key start switch and disconnect switch ON. B. Disconnect the machine harness from sensor. C. Refer to the schematic to determine the voltage source for the suspected faulty sensor. D. Measure voltage between signal and ground contacts at the machine harness connector for the sensor.	Voltage is 5.0 ± 0.2 VDC, 8.0 ± 0.4 VDC, or 10.0 VDC ± 0.95.	OK: The voltage reading is correct for the suspected faulty sensor. Proceed to Test Step 19. NOT OK: The voltage is NOT correct for the circuit. Repair: There may be an open or short in the machine harness. The open or short will be on the power or ground circuit wires. Repair or replace the machine harness. STOP
19. Check The Signal At The Sensor. A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. The machine harness connector remains connected to the sensor or steering joystick. C. At the machine harness connector for the steering joystick or sensor, use a 151-6320 Removal Tool to remove the signal wire and associated socket from the harness connector. D. At the back of the steering joystick or sensor connector, insert multimeter probes along the sensor signal contact and the ground contact. E. Turn the Key Start Switch and Disconnect Switch to the ON position. Note: For Steering Cylinder Position Sensors follow Test Steps F through J. For all other sensors proceed to Test Step K. F. Disconnect the machine harness connector from each steering cylinder position sensor. Mark the harness connector for the suspect steering sensor. G. Connect the marked connector to the opposite steering sensor and the remaining steering sensor to the opposite connector. H. Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch to the ON position. Do not start the engine. J. Observe the status of the active diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor. K. Measure the duty cycle of the sensor or joystick as the joystick or monitored component are moved through the full range of motion.	Steering Cylinder Position Sensors: When the harness connectors are switched, the diagnostic code for the suspect steering sensor is not active. A diagnostic code for the opposite steering sensor is now active. Other Sensors: The duty cycle of the sensor is correct according to the description included in the table at the beginning of this procedure.	Steering Cylinder Position Sensors: OK - The DTC 2200-02 or DTC 2201-02 diagnostic code is no longer active. A diagnostic code for the opposite sensor is now active. The suspect sensor has failed. Note: Before replacing the steering position sensor, reconnect the harness connectors to the correct steering sensor connectors. Repair: Replace the sensor that has been confirmed as faulty. For removal of the position sensor from the steering cylinder, refer to Disassembly and Assembly, UENR3108, "Steering Cylinder - Remove and Install". After sensor replacement, the new position sensor parameters MUST be entered in Cat ET before the machine can be operated. Refer to the Testing and Adjusting, UENR3110, "Position Sensor (Steering Cylinder) - Set" procedure. STOP NOT OK - The status of the diagnostic code did not change when the sensor connectors were switched. There is a problem in the machine harness. Proceed to Test Step 20. All Other Sensors: OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is correct. The sensor is not the cause of the problem. Reinstall the signal wire and the socket back to the original location in the machine harness connector for the sensor. Verify that all the wires of the sensor are in the correct locations. Also, ensure the wires that are secured in the connector before proceeding to the next step. Proceed to Test Step 20. NOT OK - The duty cycle of the sensor is not correct according to the description at the beginning of this procedure. The sensor has failed. Perform this test step again in order to verify that the sensor signal is not correct. If the signal of the joystick sensor or sensor is not correct, replace the sensor. After replacing the component, verify that the operation is correct before operating the machine. STOP
20. Check For An Open In The Sensor Circuit A. The sensor remains disconnected from the machine harness. B. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. C. At the harness connector for the sensor, place a jumper wire between the ground contact and the signal contact. D. Disconnect J1 and J2 harness connectors from the ECM. E. At machine harness connector for sensor, measure the resistance from the signal contact to return contact. F. At the ECM Connector, gently pull on the wires and move the wires in a circular motion. Observe the resistance readings. Repeat the process for the sensor connector.	The resistance is less than 5 Ω at all times during the manipulation of the harness.	OK: The resistance is less than 5 Ω. The signal circuit and the ground circuits of the sensor are not open in the machine harness. Proceed to Test Step 21. NOT OK: Resistance reading for the signal circuit or the return circuit is greater than 5 Ω. Repair: Check the signal circuit or the ground circuit for opens or bad connections. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
21. Check Signal Circuit For A Short To +Battery A. The sensor and the ECM are disconnected from the harness. B. Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch OFF. C. Measure the resistance between the signal and +battery contacts of the harness connector for the sensor. D. At machine harness connector J1 and J2 measure the resistance from signal contact to all possible sources of +battery.	Resistance greater than 5K Ω for all readings.	OK: The resistance is greater than 5K Ω. The harness circuit is correct. Proceed to Test Step 22. NOT OK: The resistance less than 5 Ω for one or more of the readings. Repair: A short exists in the harness between the +battery and signal circuit. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
23. Check The Harness For A Short A. The disconnect switch and key start switch are OFF. B. The sensor and ECM are disconnected from harness. C. Measure the resistance from the signal wire to all other J1 and J2 contacts.	Resistance is greater than 5K Ω for all readings.	OK: The resistance is greater than 5K Ω. The harness circuit is correct. Proceed to Test Step 38. NOT OK: The resistance less than 5 Ω. Repair: A short exists in the harness between the signal circuit and the circuit with the lower resistance measurement. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
Begin Process For FMI 4 Troubleshooting HERE
24. Check The Control And The Harness A. Turn key start switch and disconnect switch ON. B. Disconnect the machine harness from the sensor. C. Refer to the schematic to determine the voltage source for the suspected faulty sensor. D. Measure voltage between signal and ground contacts at the machine harness connector for the sensor.	Voltage is 5.0 ± 0.2 VDC, 8.0 ± 0.4 VDC, or 10.0 VDC ± 0.95.	OK: The voltage reading is correct for the suspected faulty sensor. Proceed to Test Step 25. NOT OK: The voltage is NOT correct for the circuit. Repair: There may be an open or short in the machine harness. The open or short will be on the power or ground circuit wires. Repair or replace the machine harness.
25. Check The Sensor A. With FMI 4 active, disconnect the sensor from the machine harness. B. Observe Cat ET or the operator monitor for code change as the sensor is disconnected and connected to harness.	Code changes from FMI 4 to FMI 3.	OK: The diagnostic changed to FMI 3 when the sensor was disconnected. Repair: Replace the sensor. STOP NOT OK: The FMI 4 diagnostic code remains active when sensor is disconnected. The sensor is not the cause of the problem. Proceed to Test Step 26.
26. Check The Signal Circuit For A Short To Ground A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the J2 harness connector from the ECM. C. Measure the resistance between the signal contact for sensor and frame ground.	The resistance is greater than 5K Ω.	OK: The resistance is greater than 5K Ω. The harness circuit is correct. Proceed to Test Step 38. NOT OK: The resistance is less than 5 Ω. A short circuit exists between frame ground and the signal circuit. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
Begin Process For FMI 8 Troubleshooting HERE
27. Check The Control And The Harness A. Turn key start switch and disconnect switch ON. B. Disconnect the machine harness from sensor. C. Refer to the schematic to determine the voltage source for the suspected faulty sensor. D. Measure voltage between signal and ground contacts at the machine harness connector for the sensor.	Voltage is 5.0 ± 0.2 VDC, 8.0 ± 0.4 VDC, or 10.0 VDC ± 0.95.	OK: The voltage reading is correct for the suspected faulty sensor. Proceed to Test Step 28. NOT OK: The voltage is NOT correct for the circuit. Repair: There may be an open or short in the machine harness. The open or short will be on the power or ground circuit wires. Repair or replace the machine harness.
28. Check Harness For An Open A. Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch OFF. B. The sensor and ECM are disconnected from the harness. C. Connect a jumper wire from the end of the signal wire at the ECM to a known ground. D. Measure the resistance of the signal wire at ECM.	The reading is less than 5 Ω.	OK: The measurement is less than 5 Ω. Proceed to Test Step 29. NOT OK: The measurement is greater than 5K Ω. The signal circuit in the harness is open. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
29. Check The Signal Circuit For A Short To Ground A. Turn key start switch and disconnect switch OFF. B. Disconnect the J2 harness connector from the ECM. C. Measure resistance between signal contact for sensor and frame ground.	Reading is greater than 5K Ω.	OK: Measurement is greater than 5K Ω. Proceed to Test Step 30. NOT OK: Measurement is less than 5 Ω. The signal circuit in the harness is shorted to ground. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
30. Check The Sensor For A Short To Case A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. B. At the machine harness connector for the sensor, measure the resistance between each pin of the sensor and an unpainted location on the case of the sensor.	The reading is greater than 5K Ω.	OK: All measurements are greater than 5K Ω. Proceed to Test Step 31. NOT OK: A measurement is less than 5 Ω. The sensor has failed. Repair: Replace the sensor. Confirm that the new sensor corrects the problem. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. STOP
31. Check The Sensor For A Short To +Battery A. Disconnect the machine harness at the sensor. B. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. C. At machine harness connector for J2 connector, measure the voltage between the signal pin of sensor and frame ground.	The voltage is 0 VDC.	OK: Voltage is 0 VDC. Proceed to Test Step 32. NOT OK: Significant voltage is present in circuit. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. STOP
32. Check The Harness For A Short To +Battery A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. B. At machine harness connector for sensor, measure the voltage between each pin of sensor and frame ground (contacts 1, 2, and 3).	The voltage is 0 VDC.	OK: Voltage is 0 VDC. Proceed to Test Step 33. NOT OK: Significant voltage is present in circuit. Circuit shorted to +battery. Repair: Replace the sensor. Verify that the new sensor corrected the diagnostic code. STOP
33. Check The Sensor A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. B. Use Cat ET or the operator monitor to confirm the existence of the diagnostic code. C. Disconnect the sensor from machine harness.	The diagnostic code is no longer present.	OK: Diagnostic code is NO longer active. The sensor has failed. Repair: Replace the sensor. Verify new sensor corrected the diagnostic code. STOP NOT OK: The diagnostic code remains active. Proceed to Test Step 38.
Begin Process For FMI 12 Troubleshooting HERE
34. Check Power Supply to The Joystick A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. B. At the joystick base, disconnect the P-C4 power supply connector. C. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the ON position. D. At the P-C4 harness connector, measure the DC voltage between power circuit contact 1 (wire 139-RD(Red)) and ground contact 2 (wire 200-BK(Black)). Measure the DC voltage between power circuit contact 1 (wire 139-RD(Red)) and frame ground.	Both voltage measurements are measuring between 18 VDC and 30 VDC.	OK -Both voltage measurements are measuring between 18 VDC and 30 VDC. Proceed to Test Step 35. NOT OK - One or both voltage measurements are less than 18 VDC. The power supply for the sensor is not correct. If both voltage measurements are not correct, the problem is most likely in the power circuit or the fuse. Check the fuse that is shown in the connection diagram at the beginning of this procedure. If the fuse is not open, check the circuit for opens or poor connections. Repair: Resolve the problem with the power supply and check the status of this diagnostic code.
35. Checking The Forced Feedback Motor Current Command Circuit A. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. Disconnect the machine harness connector P-C3 from the left joystick. Inspect the connector contacts. Ensure that each connector contact is clean, dry and in good condition. C. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the ON position. At harness connector P-C3 for the joystick, place a jumper wire between the motor current command circuit 3 (wire H707-YL(Yellow)) and ground contact 5 (wire X719-OR(Orange)). D. At the Implement ECM, disconnect the J1 and the J2 harness connectors. F. Measure the resistance between the motor current command circuit H707-YL(Yellow)at contact J2-21 and the ground circuit X719-OR(Orange)at contact J1-45.	The resistance measurement is less than 5 ohms.	OK -The resistance measurement is less than 5 ohms. This measurement indicates that the motor current command circuit and the ground circuit do not have an open or a poor connection. Proceed to Test Step 36. NOT OK - The resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms. There is an open or a poor connection in either the motor current command circuit wire or the ground wire. Repair: In order to isolate the circuit that has the problem, check the end to end continuity each circuit individually. Find the open or poor connection in the affected circuit. Check all of the connectors that are used to connect the affected circuit. verify that the circuit connections are in good condition. Repair the machine harness or replace the machine harness. After the problem is repaired, check the status of this diagnostic code to determine if the problem has been corrected.
36. Check The PWM Duty Cycle A. Check the PWM duty cycle at each switch position: FNR PWM 1 signal circuit and FNR PWM 2 signal circuit.	All Duty Cycles are within 5% of one another.	OK - All Duty Cycles are within 5% of one another. Proceed to Test Step 37. NOT OK - The most likely cause is a failed switch, however, proceed to Test Step 13 to check the switch with the machine harness disconnected.
37. Check the Status Of The Diagnostic Code A. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the wires that are associated with the switch circuit. B. Reconnect all harness connectors. Make sure that the connectors are fully seated and the clips for each connector are fastened. C Turn the disconnect switch and the key start switch to the ON position. D. Determine if the diagnostic code is active.	The diagnostic code is not active.	OK - The diagnostic code is not active. The diagnostic code does not exist at this time. The initial diagnostic code was probably caused by a poor connection or a short at one of the connectors that was disconnected and reconnected. Resume normal operation. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic code is active. The problem has not been corrected. Repair: If the problem has not been corrected, use Caterpillar Electronic Technician to perform a "Wiggle Test" on the switch circuit. The wiggle test can detect momentary or intermittent shorts or opens in the machine wiring harness. If the cause of the problem is not found, perform this procedure again. If no problems were found during troubleshooting, the ECM could have activated the diagnostic code in error. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communication at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. See Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace".
Begin Process For FMI 13 Troubleshooting HERE
38. Check for possible companion codes. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. B. Open the list of diagnostic code lists shown in the Cat ET system. The list can also be found by navigating the operator monitor.	No other codes related to the faulty sensor are identified.	OK - No diagnostic codes related to the faulty sensor are identified. Proceed to Test Step 39. NOT OK - More than one diagnostic code is active or logged related to the suspect CID code. Repair: Before starting calibration, troubleshoot all CID codes related to the suspect sensor. After troubleshooting is complete, confirm presence of FMI 13 code.
39. Perform Calibration. A. Use Cat ET to calibrate the suspect sensor.	Calibration successful.	OK - Calibration completed. STOP NOT OK - A second attempt should be made to complete the calibration. Check the Cat ET program for any information concerning the failure to complete calibration. Proceed to Test Step 40.
40. Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. B. Clear all diagnostic codes. C. Operate the machine. D. Stop machine and engage the safety lock lever. E. Check if the diagnostic code for the sensor is active.	The code for the sensor is NO longer present.	OK - The diagnostic code does not exist at this time. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by a poor electrical connection or a short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP NOT OK - The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. Repair: Recheck the circuit and perform this procedure again. If the diagnostic code is still active, the Implement ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. See Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace". STOP
Begin Process For FMI 14 Troubleshooting HERE
41. Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains. A. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. B. Clear all diagnostic codes. C. Operate the machine. D. Stop machine and engage the safety lock lever. E. Check if the diagnostic code for the sensor is active.	The code for the sensor is NO longer present.	OK: The diagnostic code does not exist at this time. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by a poor electrical connection or a short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP NOT OK: The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. Repair: Recheck the circuit and perform this procedure again. If the diagnostic code is still active, replace the sensor. If replacing the sensor does not correct the problem, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with Caterpillar. This consultation may greatly reduce repair time. See Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace". STOP