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Engine Lubrication System (1) Reduced pressure (2) Splash and drain (3) Plate type oil cooler (if equipped) (4) High pressure passages (5) Cooling lines for water (6) Engine oil pump (7) Suction side (8) Oil filter (9) Canister type oil cooler (if equipped) | |
3054 Engine
Pressure for the lubrication system is supplied by a engine oil pump (6) which uses rotors. The engine oil pump is driven by an idler gear. The crankshaft gear drives the idler gear. The engine oil pump has an inner rotor and an outer rotor. The axis of rotation of the rotors are off-center relative to each other. There is a key between the inner rotor and the drive shaft.
The inner rotor has six lobes which mesh with the seven lobes of the outer rotor. When the inner lobe rotates, the distance increases between the lobes of the outer rotor and the lobes of the inner rotor in order to create suction. When the distance decreases between the lobes, pressure is created.
Lubricating oil from the oil pan flows through a strainer and a line to the suction side (7) of the engine oil pump. The lubricating oil flows from the outlet side of the pump through a line to a relief valve. The relief valve is installed near the bottom of the left side of the cylinder block.
The relief valve on the engine oil pump opens if the oil pressure is too high. The lubricating oil which flows through the relief valve is returned to the oil pan. The lubricating oil which flows past the relief valve goes to the plate type oil cooler (3) or to the canister type oil cooler (9). The plate type oil cooler has seven cooling plates and the canister type oil cooler has ten cooling plates.
Note: Some naturally aspirated engines do not have an oil cooler.
Some oil coolers are equipped with a bypass valve. Cold oil can create a restriction to the flow of oil in the oil cooler. When this happens, the bypass valve opens allowing the oil to flow directly from the inlet side to the outlet side of the cooler.
Lubricating oil from the oil cooler flows to an oil filter. The oil filter (8) can be installed on the left side of the cylinder block or installed on the right side of the cylinder block.
If the oil filter is installed on the right side of the engine, the oil flows through a pipe connected between the relief valve and the right side of the cylinder block. The oil flows from the pipe through a passage in the right side of the cylinder block. The oil then flows from the cylinder block to the oil cooler and from the oil cooler to the oil filter. When the oil filter is on the right side, and a oil cooler is installed, the oil cooler will be between the oil filter head and the oil filter housing.
The oil flows from the oil filter through a passage drilled across the cylinder block to the oil gallery. The oil gallery is drilled through the total length of the left side of the cylinder block. If the oil filter is on the right side of the engine, the oil flows through a passage drilled across the cylinder block to the pressure gallery.
Lubricating oil from the oil gallery flows through high pressure passages (4) to the main bearings of the crankshaft. The oil then flows through passages in the crankshaft to the large end bearings of the connecting rod. The pistons and the cylinder bores are lubricated by the splash and the mist of the oil.
Lubricating oil from the main bearings flows through high pressure passages (4) in the cylinder block to the journals of the camshaft. The oil flows from the center journal of the camshaft at a reduced pressure. The oil flows through a passage in the cylinder block to the cylinder head. The oil then flows into the rocker arm shaft at a reduced pressure (1) to the bearings of the rocker arm levers. The valve stems, the valve springs and the valve lifters are lubricated by the splash and the mist of the oil.
The hub of the idler gear is lubricated by oil from the oil gallery. The timing gears are lubricated by the splash of the oil.
The turbocharger is lubricated by oil from the oil filter through the engine block. An external line from the engine block supplies oil to the turbocharger. The oil then flows through a line to the oil pan.
Piston cooling jets are installed in turbocharged engines. The piston cooling jets are connected to the oil gallery. The piston cooling jets spray lubricating oil on the underside of the pistons in order to cool the pistons.
3056 Engine
Pressure for the lubrication system is supplied by a engine oil pump (6) which uses rotors. The engine oil pump is driven by an idler gear. The crankshaft gear drives the idler gear. The engine oil pump has an inner rotor and an outer rotor. The axis of rotation of the rotors are off-center relative to each other. There is a key between the inner rotor and the drive shaft.
The inner rotor has four lobes which mesh with the five lobes of the outer rotor. When the inner lobe rotates, the distance increases between the lobes of the outer rotor and the lobes of the inner rotor in order to create suction. When the distance decreases between the lobes, pressure is created.
Lubricating oil from the oil pan flows through a strainer and a pipe to the suction side (7) of the engine oil pump. The lubricating oil flows from the outlet side of the pump through a pipe and a passage to the filter head. The oil then flows from the filter head through a pipe to a plate type oil cooler (3). The oil cooler is located on the left side of the engine.
The cooler that is used on naturally aspirated engines has four tubes and the cooler that is used on turbocharged engines has eight tubes. The oil cooler is equipped with a bypass valve. Cold oil can create a restriction to the flow of oil in the oil cooler. When this happens, the bypass valve opens allowing the oil to flow directly from the inlet side to the outlet side of the cooler. If the engine is not equipped with an oil cooler, the oil flows from the pump to the relief valve.
From the oil cooler, the oil returns through a pipe to the filter head. The oil then flows from the filter head to the relief valve and from the relief valve to the oil filter.
The oil flows from the oil filter through a passage drilled across the cylinder block to the oil gallery. The oil gallery is drilled through the total length of the left side of the cylinder block. If the oil filter is on the right side of the engine, the oil flows through a passage drilled across the cylinder block to the pressure gallery.
Lubricating oil from the oil gallery flows through high pressure passages (4) to the main bearings of the crankshaft. The oil then flows through passages in the crankshaft to the large end bearings of the connecting rod. The pistons and the cylinder bores are lubricated by the splash and the mist of the oil.
Lubricating oil from the main bearings flows through high pressure passages (4) in the cylinder block to the journals of the camshaft. The oil flows from the center journal of the camshaft at a reduced pressure. The oil flows through a passage in the cylinder block to the cylinder head. The oil then flows into the rocker arm shaft at a reduced pressure (1) to the bearings of the rocker arm levers. The valve stems, the valve springs and the valve lifters are lubricated by the splash and the mist of the oil.
The hub of the idler gear is lubricated by oil from the oil gallery. The timing gears are lubricated by the splash of the oil.
The turbocharger is lubricated by oil from the oil filter through the engine block. An external line from the engine block supplies oil to the turbocharger. The oil then flows through a line to the oil pan.
Piston cooling jets are installed in turbocharged engines. The piston cooling jets are connected to the oil gallery. The piston cooling jets spray lubricating oil on the underside of the pistons in order to cool the pistons.